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"Ransom" and "The Queen": a Comparative Exploration

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Published: Sep 1, 2023

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Unveiling the dynamics of power, the tapestry of sacrifice and humanity, navigating the seas of emotion and leadership, culmination: portraits of leadership and humanity.

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Feb 21, 2020

Comparing Stephen Frears’ The Queen and David Malouf’s Ransom

Updated: Jul 10, 2022

This post is a great read for anybody, but it will be especially intriguing for:

Teachers of Unit Four VCE English, Area of Study One

Students studying these texts as a part of VCE Reading and Comparing Texts

Those who enjoy either of the texts and would like to read something new.

What is it that can bring those most unwilling to change to shift their values?

To what extent are leaders bound by those they are charged to lead?

How much initiative can they show in forging their own legacy?

Whilst taking place in vastly different contexts, Stephen Frears’ film The Queen and David Malouf’s novel Ransom find common ground in their examination of the burden of leadership and the process by which those with the most staunch conservative views can be led to a new level of understanding.

Both Troy and Great Britain are comprised of citizens with long-held expectations of their leaders. Within these societies, both Priam and Queen Elizabeth find themselves in “exceptional circumstances” which test them both as leaders, but also as individuals who must learn to embrace “a new way”.

Ransom depicts the journey of Priam as he embarks upon a struggle against convention and a path to self-understanding. He breaks all tradition when stripping himself of his royal regalia and going to the murderer of his son merely “as a man”. However, merely beginning this journey is a struggle for Priam as he must first convince his wife, Hecuba and his many children and advisors that his plan is something that he must carry out. Hecuba, who is more “tied to convention” than she realises, represents the Trojan society who are comfortable within the status quo of a daily existence that blindly accepts war and bloodshed, but recoils against the breaking of any royal tradition. One of Priam’s many struggles is in his desire to act of his own volition in a world which expects certain behaviours of him. Once he ventures into an unknown territory, he is brought to a new understanding of himself and his role as king by an unlikely accomplice in the driver Somax.

Similarly, Queen Elizabeth is presented to the audience as a royal figure with a storied past, who must learn how to react to a tragic event in the death of Lady Diana. This can be seen in a similar manner to how the course of Priam’s life is changed so drastically by the death of his son, Hector. However, the Queen also has to assess her understanding of her role in a country that has recently elected a progressive leader in Tony Blair. Blair, who is modestly described as “a breath of fresh air”, and more dramatically seen as a “radical” influence upon Great Britain, aims to “modernise” his country. In order to do this, he must gently persuade Queen Elizabeth to break with royal tradition in the grieving of “the people’s princess”.

When comparing these worlds and the characters who inhabit them, it’s clear that both contain individuals who are finding their way in a society that is steeped in tradition and expectation. However, whilst there are similarities in characters guiding others to find “a new way”, both Priam and Queen Elizabeth hold different relationships with the conventional outlooks of their time. Priam, who feels he has done little, and has not experienced much outside of his “royal sphere”, aims to break this cycle and have a personal impact. However, Queen Elizabeth stays true to her “instinct”, which is “to do nothing” as her people grieve. This history of being removed from society in such a manner is fought against by Priam, who sheds all that makes him royal. However, it is clung to by Elizabeth who cannot understand the expectations of the public in the wake of Diana’s passing. She “cannot be expected to change”, whereas Priam actively seeks the disruption of his expected royal duty. Ironically, it is Queen Elizabeth whose monarchy survives whereas Priam’s Troy falls to the Greeks. The texts diverge in this manner in that the Royal Family is able to survive through their ability to adapt whereas Priam cannot involve others in his “new way” and keep Troy from falling.

It is also worth exploring the different relationships that are forged between unlikely pairs and how this leads to individual characters undergoing great change in their perception of the world.

Somax, with his tales of his sons and granddaughter, as well as the joy that he takes in the simple eating of a griddle cake or the dipping of a toe in a stream, is able to bring Priam to question his role as a father. Priam sees himself as close to Hector in only a ceremonial fashion, realising the emotional depth felt by his new companion, Somax and his unfamiliarity to it. Further to this, Achilles is also moved by the “fellow feeling” experienced in his meeting with Priam. Firstly mistaking Priam for his father, and muttering the word in a trance-like state, Achilles is able to transform himself out of the “smoky hut” and into the “clear sky” – a monumental shift from the burdened warrior portrayed in earlier chapters. Through these significant transitions in character, Malouf is able to convey an idea that people need others to help them reach new perspectives and that new understandings are only reached when one can appreciate the humanity and experience of another.

Frears also pairs characters in a manner which sees them reach new levels of understanding about their world and their place within it. Prince Charles’ attempts at building a relationship with the new Prime Minister lead to him pointing out that he and Blair are “of a similar mind”. Charles, confined by tradition, convention and family expectations, is unable to communicate his concern about the need for the family to “modernise”. However, through Blair, he sees somebody who can assist in bringing much needed change. Interestingly, Blair, who is initially shown to be somewhat disinterested and unaccustomed to the tradition of the royals, finds himself ultimately understanding the role of the Queen. His awkward initial meeting can be seen in great contrast to his understanding that “what she’s doing is extraordinary”. It is up to the reader to decide whether Blair too is perhaps more “tied to convention” than he realised, or perhaps he has been moved to see the role of the royal family through his experiences.

Both texts portray characters who ultimately come to understand their world in a new way. Malouf’s depiction of a literal journey over a stream, to the Greek camp and back for Priam can be seen in a similar manner to Frears’ portrayal of the Queen stranded in the stream at Balmoral. After ironically telling Charles that there was “nothing wrong with the old one”, she finds herself helpless in her car. However, differences can be seen in the attitude of the characters to the change which they undertake. Priam, exuding passion and glee living within the sphere that has always existed outside of his understanding, can be seen in stark contrast to Queen Elizabeth who reluctantly places herself amongst her people and admits to Blair that she didn’t have “a choice”. Thus, both texts promote the idea that people must be brought to understand through their relationship to others, yet differ in the manner in which the characters experience this, either through their reluctance or enthusiasm or the deliberate or accidental nature of how these personal discoveries are made.

These are but a few of the concepts that make these two such an intriguing pair to study or enjoy. Readers and viewers of these texts will be left to question the role of leaders in our society, as well as the balance between holding onto values and knowing when to shift into new ways of thinking. The impact of family and expectation is another common idea, one of many shared between the two which lead to an abundance of questions about the nature of change, tradition and leadership.

Ben Taylor - The English Lab

If you have any comments or queries about this pair or anything else related to VCE English, be sure to contact us at [email protected]

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Understanding Ransom and The Queen context to achieve A+

August 24, 2020

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[Video Transcription]

You’ll often find that study guides begin with a section on historical context. Even though it might be tempting to skip over this section, there’s a lot you can take away from understanding the period of time in which your texts are set in. I’ll show you how with examples for both Ransom and The Queen in this video.

Let’s start with a brief overview of why you need to know the historical context. Context, a topic explored in detail in our How To Write A Killer Text Response , plummets you back to the era of when your texts were set. You effectively ‘step into the shoes’ of the people living in that time, and in doing so, gain a better understanding of their views and values. People’s views and values are often shaped by important events of the time, social culture and norms, and everyday experiences. For example, think about your own context. You’re part of Generation Z, and one defining part of a Gen Z experience is growing up with technology from a young age. Social media is just normality, pretty much everyone has it, uses it as a source of online communication. So how does this shape your views and values? By having access to online information in this way, Gen Zers tend to be more passionate about social issues, because people of this age can leverage social media to voice their opinions or follow those who resonate with them. Only 20 years or so ago, we only had giant media that voiced their own opinions via newspapers or TV. You didn’t have such a wide array of voices from people of different races or experiences. Think about the recent death of George Floyd, and the incredible ripple effect his death had on the world and the power of social media in the Black Lives Matter movement.

So looking at The Queen and Ransom , we want to dive right into their respective eras and understand how people thought and felt during these time periods. This helps us better understand what the messages Frears and Malouf are trying to tell or teach us through their works, enabling you to write better essays. Let’s start with The Queen.

The 1980s to 1990s was a time when the world was enamoured by the Princess of Wales (or Diana, as we’ll call her). Her shyness, broken family history, ongoing charitable efforts, and iconic fashion choices made her a royal favourite. She was dubbed the ‘People’s Princess’ not only because of her relatability but also because of her tenuous relationship with the royal family. She’d been wronged by the royal family; first by Prince Charles’ affair with Camilla, then with the lack of support from the Queen when she asked for marriage advice.

At the time, public opinion of the royal family was greatly influenced by tabloid papers - after all, there was no Instagram for the royals to tell their own story. After an estimated 750 million people tuned in to watch Diana’s wedding to Charles, paparazzi began documenting her every move. Princess Diana became the most photographed person in the world, with paparazzi offered up to £500,000 for even grainy pictures of her (that’s equivalent to $1.5 million AUD today!). In the competitive fight to snap the most profitable photos of Diana, the paparazzi invaded her most private moments, taking shots of her kissing Dodi Al Fayed while on holidays, and sunbathing topless at her hotel in Spain. Diana’s despair and requests to be left alone remained unanswered, so when the paparazzi chased her to her death in 1997, the public response was emphatic .

The public turned against Britain's press and photographers, and the overwhelming outpour of grief is a testament to the injustice the public felt on behalf of Diana. To add insult to injury, the monarchy’s initial reticent response was deemed inadequate, negatively shifting the public’s attitude or ‘mood’ - a term we often hear in the film - towards the royals. The monarchy needs to stay in the public’s favour, lest the end of the institution.

That’s why The Queen is a film about change on several fronts, the first dynamic response from the public, The Queen abandoning royal tradition and acquiescing to public demand, and how all this happens within months of Tony Blair’s new premiership .

With this, you can understand why change is one of the biggest themes discussed when comparing these two texts. Let’s look at Ransom.

Moving back a further 3000 years earlier than The Queen , Ransom is a retelling the Trojan War, one of the most famous events in Greek mythology. To truly understand random, you must first familiarise yourself with Greek mythology, the Trojan War, and The Iliad. We’ll have a look at these three as if they’re matryoshka dolls (where dolls of decreasing size are place done inside another):

The biggest doll: Greek mythology

We’ll start with Greek mythology since it’s the umbrella knowledge you need to know before understanding the Trojan War and The Iliad . Essentially a collection of stories about gods, heroes and other creatures, Greek mythology was used by ancient Greeks to explain the existence of the world. Without the scientific developments we’ve discovered to date, ancient Greeks attempted to explain the creation of the earth, human behaviour, death and love through their mythical stories. Notice how the gods (Iris, Hermes) appear when Priam needs help and advice throughout Ransom.

The reason why Greek mythology is still prevalent in modern society is that the lessons taught in these stories are still applicable today as they depict universal truths about human qualities such as our strengths and flaws. Without you even realising it, our world today is filled with references to Greek mythology. Take, for example, Pandora , (the jewellery company that sells little charms you need to buy separately to make up a bracelet), whose namesake comes from the myth about Pandora’s box (basically, Pandora’s unchecked curiosity led her to open a forbidden box, releasing all illnesses and death into the world - side note, could we blame Pandora for COVID-19 then? Just kidding). Or take the first God of War game , which follows the story of Kratos whose ability to be a loving father is overpowered by his anger and desire for vengeance. Interestingly, the tale of Pandora’s box also is featured in this game.

Luckily for you though, you don’t have to be an expert in all Greek mythology, but you should probably have a good gist of the Trojan War.

The middle doll: The Trojan War

Now we narrow things down to one of the most legendary Greek myths - the Trojan War. This war might be familiar to you because it is the backdrop and context for Malouf’s Ransom .

The myth begins with Zeus , the father of all gods, and his brother Poseidon lusting after the goddess of water, Thetis . However, they are warned by Prometheus , an intelligent mortal - better known for being chained to a rock as a result of stealing Zeus’ fire - that Thetis would give birth to a son who would be mightier than his father. Alarmed at this possibility, the two gods arrange for Thetis to marry Peleus, a mortal. Since humans were believed to be inferior to gods, this ensured that Thetis’ child would be a mere mortal, rendering the prophecy redundant.

Any potential issues appeared resolved until the gods omitted Eris , the goddess of discord from Thetis and Peleus’ wedding invitation list. Furious at this insult, Eris arrives at the wedding with her own plans. She inscribes a golden apple with the words, ‘To The Fairest’ and throws it amongst the guests. Naturally, all goddesses want to claim the prize. Eventually, the choice is narrowed down to three of the most beautiful goddesses: Aphrodite , Athena and Hera . Unable to reach a decision, they turned to Zeus to judge who should win the title. However, Zeus refuses to do so and instead, elects a mortal with good judgment of beauty to make the choice. This mortal is Paris, Prince of Troy and whose birth produced a prophecy that he would one day bring misfortune to his people and town.

The three goddesses approach Paris with not only their beauty but also bribes. Hera offers him power and control over Europe and Asia, Athena promises that she will make him a great warrior while Aphrodite proposes to him the most beautiful woman on earth. Since Paris is more interested in women than power and war, he awards Aphrodite with the golden apple. With this exchange sealed, the beginning of Troy’s troubles begin as the most beautiful woman on earth, Helen is already married to Menelaus, king of Sparta.

After a diplomatic mission to Sparta, Paris elopes with Helen, who falls in love with Paris upon their first encounter (literature concerning this part of the story remains ambiguous). Upon discovering Paris’ betrayal, Menelaus calls on Helen’s many suitors to invade Troy and retrieve his wife. His brother, Agamemnon recruits and leads the Greek army into battle against the city of Troy, and thus begins the Trojan War.

And finally, the baby doll: The Iliad

Homer’s The Iliad is a poem that begins ten years into the Trojan War. By now, Thetis, the goddess who had married Peleus, has given birth to their mortal son Achilles , the mightiest of all Greeks, as predicted by the prophecy (Achilles should definitely be familiar to you because he’s the main character in Ransom !). Although he is a fighter for Agamemnon, their relationship is strained after Agamemnon demands that Achilles give up his beloved war prize, Briseis . Since Agamemnon desires Briseis for himself, this enrages Achilles to the point where he refuses to fight in the Trojan War. This leads to dire consequences for the Greeks as they lose many men in battle and are forced to retreat to their ships after the Trojans successfully turn the tide of the battle.

Concerned for his Myrmidons (a group of the strongest and skilled warriors who fight for Achilles) yet too proud to budge from his position, Achilles is persuaded to allow his close friend and comrade Patroclus, to wear Achilles’ renowned armour and lead his Myrmidons into battle (ah, we’re starting to see even stronger connections to Ransom now). This strategy is designed to rouse fear in the Trojans and cause them to temporarily retreat - enough time to allow the Greeks to rest and recover - as they’d see ‘Achilles’ back in battle.

Despite Patroclus’ skills as a soldier, Achilles insists that Patroclus only fight until the Greeks can successfully fend off the Trojans away from their ships. During the fight, however, Patroclus disobeys Achilles’ orders and continues to pursue the Trojans back to their gates. At this point, he encounters and is killed by Hector, the prince of Troy and leader of the Trojan army.

Fuelled with rage and grief over Patroclus’ death, Achilles agrees to fight once again for the Greek army, much to Agamemnon’s pleasure. In their next battle, Achilles kills many warriors and the Trojans are forced to retreat back to the safety of their walls. Hector, against the will of his family, faces Achilles alone outside the walls of his home, knowing that Achilles is on a path to avenge Patroclus’s death. In a fierce battle between the two greatest Trojan war warriors, Hector was killed. Achilles takes Hector’s body with him and dishonours it day after day by chaining it to a chariot and dragging it along the walls of Troy. Malouf begins the Ransom story here. The gods agree that this blasphemous behaviour cannot continue and send the god Hermes to guide king Priam, father of Hector to the Greek camp. Once in their camp, Priam falls to his knees and pleads Achilles for the body of his son. Touched by the king’s words, Achilles relents, allowing Priam to finally hold a proper burial for Hector.

Appreciating the differences between The Iliad and Ransom storyline will lead to a better understanding of the themes and symbols in Ransom .

One of the main differences between the two texts is their depiction of Priam’s journey to Achilles . In The Iliad , this journey is explored only momentarily and focuses more on the presence of Hermes. The inclusion of the new character Somax in Ransom also offers a new perspective on this old tale. While The Iliad only touches upon Achilles’ and Priam’s suffering, Malouf delves into the emotional journey that the characters undergo during the darkest episode in the Trojan War.

ransom and the queen sample essay leadership

That’s why the themes of grief , loss and death should be quite prominent in your comparison between Ransom and The Queen along with the importance of stories and storytelling.

In my new study guide Ransom and The Queen , I show you how you can use your knowledge you’ve learned there to write A+ essays. Take a look at our study guide below!

Additional resources for Ransom and The Queen

A Killer Comparative Guide: Ransom and The Queen

[Video] Ransom and The Queen (Themes, Film Techniques, Literary Devices)

How to Write a Killer Comparative Ebook

Ransom Study Guide

[Video] Ransom Themes (Revenge, Grief, Forgiveness and Essay Topics)

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The idea of VCE English assessments can sometimes be a bit daunting. Always so much you want to write, never as much time as you need and they always seem to come around sooner than you think. But there is never as much cause for alarm as you think and I’m willing to guarantee that almost everyone reading this is so much better than they think at English .

You’ve already come so far from where you started in your high school English journey. I’d like to challenge anyone reading this to go and find the earliest English essay you’ve got tucked away somewhere. I’ve done this myself and, if yours is anything like mine, you’ll be almost disgusted by what you find. Year-7-me just loved to retell the story, cling to my rigid TEEL formulas and leave my quotes just dangling, write the same basic paragraph three times and call it a complete essay. Not a pretty read and I’m sure a couple of you can relate. But, this exercise does at least prove a very valuable point: you are capable of improving at English .

So let’s start thinking about that essay you’ve got coming up again. You’ve just given yourself a nice confidence booster with that walk down memory lane, reminding yourself that you are a more-than-capable English student these days. But all you now want to do is your very best for this next essay. But how do you keep improving between now and then? After all, if you knew what you had to do to improve your English, you’d already be doing it, right? So what we’re going to do now is to have a look at what taking your essays to that next level really looks like; how you can improve your writing between now and then, whenever that might be.

So to do this, we’re going to take an already good paragraph and improve it together. Take this one, one that I conveniently prepared earlier to a Station Eleven prompt that has to do with the theme of memory/history.

Part 1: The Good Paragraph

Q: Mandel shows the importance of remembering the past. To what extent is this true?

A: In Station Eleven, the characters often find meaning from the creation of enduring legacies. Mandel demonstrates this idea through the naming of Jeevan’s son after his brother, Frank. By creating such an enduring legacy for a character who believes in the power of such legacies - 'they’re all immortal to me' - Mandel implies that characters like this are able to achieve meaning and fulfilment by preserving these legacies. Mandel also uses the character of Miranda to highlight the importance of legacies to provide meaning where Miranda lacks it in her day-to-day life. Even though Miranda’s life is left incomplete by her sudden death, the beauty in the scene of her death suggests that a sense of fulfilment has been achieved despite the emptiness of her life relative to other characters: 'its extravagant sunsets and its indigo sea'. Hence, the meaning in her life comes from the legacy that she creates from the art she makes in her 'independent' life. This is contrasted against the character of Arthur, whose legacy does not influence any events in the post-flu world, because of his failure to create legacy or meaning beyond his day-to-day life. Further, Arthur’s death in the hectic Elgin Theatre has far less beauty than that of Miranda, implying less fulfilment in his life. Therefore, Mandel uses her text to demonstrate the value of creating legacies that allow others to remember the past.

Let’s call this our good paragraph. I’ve modelled this off of an essay I found from my Year 10 self, as happy as Year-10-me would have been with this performance, it’s far from perfect. But, it is a very functional paragraph that does all that a paragraph really needs to do. It introduces an idea, justifies it with evidence, links back at the end and doesn’t waste too much time retelling the story. So now we get to the fun bit: we’re going to take this already good paragraph, and turn it into a better paragraph.

So how do we make a good paragraph better ?

Well, for a start, we can integrate our quotes so that the paragraph reads better . You’ll see in just a second how much of a difference this can make. This is something I learnt to do between Years 10 and 11. Other improvements that could be made include answering the prompt more directly and using some of the language of the prompt within our answers. So let’s change this and see now what these small differences do to our paragraph.

Part 2: The Better Paragraph

A: In Station Eleven, the characters often find meaning from the creation of enduring legacies that allow others to remember the individuals who came before. Mandel demonstrates this idea through the naming of Jeevan’s son after his brother, Frank. By creating this symbolic memorial for a character who believes that such legacies can allow individuals such as actors to become 'immortal', Mandel implies that characters like this are able to achieve meaning and fulfilment through their legacies. Furthermore, Mandel also uses the character of Miranda to highlight the importance of creating a legacy through one’s art to provide meaning where Miranda lacks it in her day-to-day life. Although abruptly killed off in the middle of the text, Mandel imbues her death with a certain beauty through its 'extravagant sunsets and indigo sea'. In doing so, Mandel provides a sense of completion about Miranda’s life and suggests that a sense of fulfilment has been achieved despite the emptiness of her life relative to other characters. Hence, the meaning in her life comes from the legacy that she creates from the art she makes in her 'independent' life. This is contrasted against the character of Arthur, whose legacy does not influence any events in the post-flu world, because of his failure to create legacy or meaning beyond his day-to-day life. Further, Arthur’s death in the hectic Elgin Theatre has far less beauty than that of Miranda, implying less fulfilment in his life. Therefore, Mandel uses her text to demonstrate the importance of creating legacies that allow others to remember the past.

There we have it. The paragraph has been rewritten based on the ones I wrote in Year 11 and we have the first signs of improvement. The topic sentence now references the ‘remembering the past’ aspect of the prompt. The linking sentence now uses the ‘importance’ part of the prompt. All of the same quotes are used but are now integrated (check out How To Embed Quotes in Your Essay Like a Boss if you need more help with this).

We’ve made sure not to have more than one sentence starting with Mandel (a small nitpick but still a nice addition). It flows better. It answers the prompt more directly and suddenly we have a better paragraph . Year-11-me has shown improvement and with this comes better scores and more confidence: something that’s very important for success in English. If you’re confident and proud of what you’re writing, then you’ll have higher marks and, even better, more fun!

We haven’t changed much and the paragraph is already better . But it’s not my best paragraph. Between Years 11 and 12, I learnt even more things. I was taught to write about not only the world of the text but also the world around us that we and Mandel live in: you’ll notice that this better paragraph talks more about ‘characters’ that live ‘in the text’ whereas my best paragraph would talk more about the text in the context of the world you and I live in . I learnt to make my topic sentences more abstract and broad so that they relate more to our own world and less to the world of the text and remind whoever’s assessing that my ideas apply to everyone and not just within the texts. I learnt to respond more directly to different types of prompts (Discuss, To what extent is this true?, How does Mandel… and others) and I learnt to be more direct in discussing the views and values of Mandel (what she likes, what she doesn’t like, what she wants to see more of in the world)

So let’s apply some final changes, and see what our paragraph looks after two more years of refining English. This final paragraph is almost exactly the same as one I wrote in timed conditions before my final exam.

The Final Part: The Best Paragraph

A: Mandel explores the importance of legacies, not only as sources of meaning for their creators, but also for their roles in allowing others to remember the roles of those who came before. Such an idea is explored through the naming of Jeevan’s son, securing the legacy of Frank. By affording such a permeating influence to an individual who writes of and appreciates the 'immortal[ity]' of long-dead actors, Mandel implies that an appreciation of the inherent value in a legacy and its ability to influence future events is a key quality in individuals. Furthermore, Mandel uses the character of Miranda to highlight the importance of creating a legacy that outlives oneself to provide meaning. Although abruptly killed off in the middle of the text, Mandel imbues her death with a certain beauty through its 'extravagant sunsets and indigo sea'. In doing so, Mandel provides a sense of completion about Miranda’s life and suggests that a sense of fulfilment has been achieved despite the emptiness of her life relative to other characters. Hence, Mandel suggests that the meaning in Miranda’s life comes from the legacy that is the art she makes in her 'independent' life that continues to influence events and allow others to remember the past long after her death. Mandel provides contrast through her exploration of Arthur, whose legacy does not influence any events in the post-flu world because of his failure to create legacy or meaning beyond his day-to-day life. Further, Arthur’s death in the hectic Elgin Theatre has far less beauty than that of Miranda, reinforcing Mandel’s view that individuals who forfeit control of their own legacies, as Arthur does, lead far less completed and fulfilled lives. Therefore, Mandel highlights the immense importance of creating legacies that allow others to remember the past and encourages greater appreciation of the value of legacies in contemporary society.

So, two years later, and we’ve got what is still essentially the same paragraph, just brushed up to an even better, or best , standard. So if we’re using the same evidence, exploring the same characters and introducing the same ideas, why is this paragraph better than the last two?

Well, if you study the topic and linking sentences, they discuss the concept of a legacy being a means of allowing others to remember the past and the importance of such a thing and everything in-between links this concept to the text. ' Mandel highlights the immense importance' represents a subtle but nice nod to the wording of the prompt by giving an ‘extent’ to which Mandel ‘shows’ or highlights. Every piece of evidence is discussed in reference to what Mandel believes about the world around us and how individuals should act in modern society.

And there’s something very nice that we can now reflect on. This paragraph has gone from good to much better without having to introduce any new ideas. There are no overly complex interpretations of the text, we’ve just taken the same skeleton of a paragraph and made it look better without changing its real substance.

And one of the wonderful things about making efforts to improve the quality of your writing is all the confidence that comes with this, whether this be from getting better at discussing views and values , learning to integrate your quotes or any achievement like this. I know that my confidence surged as my English got better and, as I got more confidence in my writing, I got more confidence in what I wrote about. My interpretations of the text became more and more obscure and a bit whacky at times and I had fun writing about these things. If you improve your writing, you’ll improve what you’re writing about which will mean you’ll have more fun writing and the cycle of improvement will just continue.

So to cap off, I thought it might be nice to have a checklist of sorts that you might be able to put against your own writing.

What’s the next step I could take in improving my English?

Are all my quotes properly integrated ? (Hint: if the sentence doesn’t make sense without quotation marks, the answer is no)
Have I got more than a couple of sentences starting the same way or could I vary my sentence structure a bit more?
Have I explicitly used some parts of the prompt in my own writing so that I can directly answer the question in my essays?
Am I writing about both the world of the text and the world we live in outside of the text instead of just the characters and relationships within the text?
Are my topic and linking sentences describing a concept that relates to the prompt with everything in-between relating this concept to the text? (I found this a very useful way of thinking of paragraphs)
Is all of my evidence being discussed in relation to the views of the author ?
Does my essay/paragraph explain what the author would like to see more of/less of in modern society based on what is explored in the text?
Is my essay/paragraph specific to the exact wording and type of prompt?

And these are just some of the improvements that could be made. I’m sure each of you could ask teachers and past students and find many, many more tips on improvement. Just as long as you’re thinking about what the next step in your English might be, then you’re already headed in the right direction. So good luck and happy writing!

We've curated essay prompts based off our Ransom and Invictus Study Guide which explores themes, characters, and quotes.

'Without mortality and fallibility, humility cannot exist.' Compare how the two texts explore the importance of humility.
Compare the ways the two texts explore the efficacy of different leadership types.
"In a world that is also subject to chance." ( Ransom ) "Under the bludgeonings of chance; My head is bloody, but unbow'd." ( Invictus ). Compare how chance influences lives and societies in these texts.
Compare how these texts examine the societal consequences of conformation and rebellion.
Compare how Invictus and Ransom explore resistance to change.
'Forgiveness can correct any miscarriage of justice committed.' Compare how this idea is demonstrated in these texts.
'Leadership and sacrifice are never mutually exclusive.' Compare the connections between leadership and sacrifice in Invictus and Ransom .
Compare the ways the two texts explore the power of shared experiences.
'...let his name, from now on, be Priam, the price paid" ( Ransom ) Compare how Invictus and Ransom show the roles of the past in determining one's future.
"But the women's presence is stronger than [Achilles']. This is their world." ( Ransom ) Compare what these texts say about the power of women in societies focused on masculinity and male experiences.
'Family can have many interpretations and meanings.' Compare the ways family is perceived in these texts.
Compare how the two texts explore intergenerational relations and their importance.
Compare how, in Invictus and Ransom , the aftermath of forgiveness is both redeeming and transient.
"Words are powerful. They too can be the agents of what is new, of what is conceivable and can be thought and let loose upon the world." ( Ransom ) "Just words. But they helped me to stand when all I wanted was to lie down." ( Invictus ) Compare how words shape one's hope for change is explored in both texts.
'Stories hold unseen truth and potential.' Compare how the two texts explore the importance of storytelling.

Ransom and Invictus is usually studied in the Australian curriculum under Comparative (also known as Reading and Comparing). For a detailed guide on Comparative , check out our Ultimate Guide to VCE Comparative .

Updated 14/12/2020

Introduction
Definition of Metalanguage
Examples of Metalanguage in VCE English

1. Introduction

Although it appears on criteria sheets, many students never really understand the term metalanguage . Strangely, it is something that is rarely addressed in classrooms. While the word may be foreign to you, rest assured that metalanguage is not an entirely new concept you have to learn. How come? Because you have been unknowingly using metalanguage since the very beginning of high school.

It's a word that is more and more frequently thrown around as you get more advanced in high school. And, it's something that becomes tremendously important in your final year of high school, because the more you include metalanguage discussion in your essays, the more intricate your discussion becomes and the more unique it also becomes.

So, let's find out exactly what metalanguage is.

2. Definition of Metalanguage

Metalanguage is language that describes language .

So, instead of maybe using the word, "He was sad ", we might say something like, "He felt sorrowful " . The choice in words changes the meaning that is interpreted by the reader, just slightly, but there is still a difference. So, when it comes to studying texts or reading articles, and trying to analyze what the author is trying to do, we look at metalanguage as a way to help give us insight into the ideas that they're trying to portray.

The simplest way to explain this is to focus on part 3 of the English exam – Language Analysis. In Language Analysis , we look at the author’s writing and label particular phrases with persuasive techniques such as: symbolism, imagery or personification. Through our description of the way an author writes (via the words ‘symbolism’, ‘imagery’ or ‘personification’), we have effectively used language that describes language.

Now, if we look at the bigger picture, our analysis of an author’s language can be applied to Text Response, and even Reading and Comparing. To learn more about why metalanguage is important in Text Response, check out our Ultimate Guide to VCE Text Response . Otherwise, for those interested in Comparative, head over to our Ultimate Guide to VCE Comparative .

3. Examples of Metalanguage in VCE English

Grammar and punctuation
Characterisation
Foreshadowing

For example

Achilles is characterised as a foetus, for his position is ‘chin down, shoulders hunched’ as though he is inside a womb. ( Ransom , David Malouf)
In the first scene of All About Eve* , Mankiewicz foreshadows Eve's sinful and regretful actions, as a sorrowful expression is emphasized as she accepts her award

As you can see, the word 'foreshadows' pushes us in a new direction. Rather than just saying what has already happened or telling your teacher or examiner something that they already know, it forces you to actually analyze what's in front of you and to offer your own unique interpretation of why this metalanguage or why this technique has been used.

*If you happen to be studying this text, check out our All About Eve Character Profiles .

Mise-en-scene
Camera angles

When Terry leaves Friendly’s bar, the thick fog symbolises his clouded moral judgement as he decides whether he should remain ‘D and D’, or become a ‘rat’. ( On the Waterfront , Elia Kazan)

Stage direction
The miniature set Zac creates is designed with a white backdrop, symbolising his desire to wipe away reality since he ‘can’t stand real things'. ( Cosi , Louis Nowra)

In Medea , the motif of animals emphasizes the inhuman and bestial nature of Medea, highlighting how she defies natural norms.

This student has actually given us an analysis of why animal motifs are used. And that is to highlight how Medea defies natural norms, because of her inhuman and bestial nature.

4. Conclusion

As indicated earlier, you should be familiar with many, if not all the terms mentioned above. Take note that some metalanguage terms are specific to a writing form , such as camera angle for films. If you need help learning new terms, we have you covered - be sure to check out our metalanguage word banks for books and our metalanguage wordbank for films .

As you discuss themes or characters, you should try and weave metalanguage throughout your body paragraphs . The purpose of this criteria is to demonstrate your ability to understand how the author uses language to communicate his or her meaning. The key is to remember that the author’s words or phrases are always chosen with a particular intention – it is your job to investigate why the author has written a text in a particular way.

[Modified Video Transcription]

Hey guys, welcome back to Lisa's Study Guides. Today, I'm really excited to talk to you about metalanguage. Have you guys ever heard of metalanguage before? It's a word that is more and more frequently thrown around as you get more advanced in high school. And, it's something that becomes tremendously important in your final year of high school, because the more you include metalanguage discussion in your essays, the more intricate your discussion becomes and the more unique it also becomes. So, let's find out exactly what is metalanguage. Simply put, metalanguage just means language that analyses language. When authors write anything, we make certain decisions when it comes to writing. So, instead of maybe using the word, "He was sad", we might say something like, "He felt sorrowful". The choice in words changes the meaning that is interpreted by the reader, just slightly, but there is still a difference. So, when it comes to studying texts or reading articles and trying to analyse what the author is trying to do, we look at metalanguage as a way to help give us insight into the ideas that they're trying to portray.

Metalanguage comes in really handy, especially if you're somebody who struggles with retelling the story - I have a video on how to avoid retelling the story , which you can watch. Metalanguage essentially takes you to the next level. It prevents you from just saying what happened, and forces you into actually looking at how the ideas and themes are developed by the author through the words that they choose to use. So, let's have a look at a couple of examples to give you a better idea. I'm going to show you two examples. One uses metalanguage and one doesn't, and you'll see how a massive difference in how the student understands the text is really clear.

Number one, foreshadowing.

In the first scene of All About Eve , Mankiewicz emphasizes Eve's sorrowful expression as she accepts her award.

In the first scene of All About Eve , Mankiewicz foreshadows Eve's sinful and regretful actions, as a sorrowful expression is emphasized as she accepts her award. As you can see, as soon as we put in the word foreshadows, it pushes us in a new direction. Rather than just saying what has already happened or telling your teacher or examiner something that they already know, it forces you to actually analyse what's in front of you and to offer your own unique interpretation of why this metalanguage or why this technique has been used. So, in this case, it's foreshadowing. ‍ Let's have a look at another one, motif.

In Medea , Euripides commonly refers to animals when describing Medea's actions and temperament.

See how, in the first example, it was really just telling you what we might already know through just reading the book, but when it comes to the second example, this student has actually given us an analysis of why animal motifs are used. And that is to highlight how Medea defies natural norms, because of her inhuman and bestial nature. So, those are some examples of metalanguage. There are so many more different types of metalanguage out there...

“Once upon a time…”

The fairy tale of Cinderella is a well-known, well-loved and well-ingrained story that was always told to me as a bedtime story. Who could forget the mean-spirited stepsisters who punished and ruined Cinderella’s life to no end? According to the dark Brothers Grimm version, the stepsisters mutilated their feet by cutting off their heels and toes to fit into the infamous shoe, and their eyes were pecked away by birds until they were blinded! It’s definitely one way to send a message to children… don’t be bullies or you’ll be punished. Which is exactly what the Brothers Grimm’s views and values were. Their construction of their fairy tale to send a message of what they viewed as ‘good’ or ‘bad’ is simplistically shown through the writers’ choice in determining the characters’ fate. The evil stepsisters are punished, while Cinderella receives happiness and riches because she remained kind and pure. A clear and very simple example of how texts reflect the beliefs, world views and ethics of the author, which is essentially the author’s views and values!

What are the views and values of a text?

Writers use literature to criticise or endorse social conditions, expressing their own opinions and viewpoints of the world they live in. It is important to remember that each piece of literature is a deliberate construction. Every decision a writer makes reflects their views and values about their culture, morality, politics, gender, class, history or religion. This is implicit within the style and content of the text, rather than in overt statements. This means that the writer’s views and values are always open to interpretation, and possibly even controversial. This is what you (as an astute literature student) must do – interpret the relationship between your text and the ideas it explores and examines, endorses or challenges in the writer’s society.

How do I start?

Consider the following tips:

What does the writer question and critique with their own society? What does this say about the writer’s own views and the values that uphold?
For example, “Jane Austen in Persuasion recognises the binding social conventions of the 19th century as superficial, where they value wealth and status of the utmost priority. She satirises such frivolous values through the microcosmic analysis of the Elliot family.”
The writer’s affirming or critical treatment of individual characters can be a significant clue to what values they approve or disapprove of. What fate do the characters have? Who does the writer punish or reward by the end of the text?
Which characters challenge and critique the social conventions of the day?
Look at the writer’s use of language:
Plot structure
Description
In other words …what are the possible meanings generated by the writer’s choices?
Recognition and use of metalanguage for literary techniques is crucial because you are responding to a work of literature. Within literature ideas, views and values and issues do not exist in a vacuum. They arise out of the writer’s style and create meaning .
How do the writer’s choices make meaning?
How are the writer’s choices intended to affect the reader’s perception of social values?
Weave views and values throughout your close analysis essays, rather than superficially adding a few lines at the conclusion of the essay to indicate the writer’s concerns.
Using the writer’s name frequently will also assist in creating a mindset of analysing the writer’s commentary on society.

Below are some examples from an examiner report of successful and insightful responses reflecting the views and values of the writer:

(Another tip is to go through examiner’s reports and take note of high quality responses, even if they are not the text you’re studying)

When contrasted with the stark, blunt tone of Caesar throughout the play ‘You may see, Lepidus, and henceforth know...’ the richness of Shakespeare’s poetry with regard to his ‘couple so famous’ denotes how the playwright himself ultimately values the heroic age to which his protagonists belong over the machinations of the rising imperial Rome.

It is the word ‘natural’ here through which Mansfield crafts a sharp irony that invites us to rate Edna’s obsession with her own performance.... It is this satiric impulse that also leaps to the fore through the image of Edna, ‘clasping the black book in her fingers as though it were a missal’...the poignant economy of Mansfield’s characteristic style explores her views on the fragility of the human condition .

‘In Cold Blood’ provides a challenging exploration of the value placed on human life. The seemingly pointless murders undermine every concept of morality that reigns in Middle America, the ‘Bible Belt’, as well as the wider community. Capote insinuates his personal abhorrence of the death penalty and the disregard of mental illness in the justice system .

Why are views and values important in literature, and especially for close analysis?

Every year, the examiner reports emphasise how the best close analysis responses were ones that “showed how the text endorsed and reflected the views and values of the writer and were able to weave an understanding of these through the essay” (2013 VCAA Lit examiner report). By analysing HOW the text critiques, challenges or endorses the accepted values of the society in the text, you are demonstrating an understanding of the social and cultural context of the text, thus acknowledging the multifaceted layers that exist within literature. You are identifying the writer’s commentary of humanity through your own interpretation. Bring some insight into your essays!

Have you ever wondered how you can read your books so efficiently that you will be able to identify the most important passages, quotes, symbols, author’s views and values etc. all in one go? Well, I’m going to share some handy tips you can adopt while annotating a novel that will hopefully help you achieve this. Warning – if you are a reader who likes to preserve their books and keep them crispy clean, this study guide probably isn’t for you. However, keep in mind that annotating texts is a powerful step in getting to know your text and optimising your essay responses.

Before we get started, what exactly is ‘annotating’? To annotate means to add notes to a text where you provide extra comments or explanations (usually in the margins of the book). It is very much an activity for yourself, because it allows you to become an active reader – where you are engaged in thinking about the plot, themes, characters etc. as you are reading and jotting down key thoughts. As a result, active readers are more likely to become immersed in the story, absorb the ideas better, be more open-minded and therefore usually develop their own unique interpretation of the text. While annotating may not come so naturally to some of you, this guide below should definitely equip you with a good starting ground!

1. Think of your text as a colouring book. Use different coloured highlighters for different themes. This way when you’re rummaging through your book to find a certain quote to support a theme, say you specifically only highlight ‘romance’ theme in pink, it’s much easier for you to find the pink than to look through a whole book highlighted all in green. Think of it as creating a trail for you to follow throughout the book. Creating a legend at the start of the book (for example, in the contents page) can help you keep track of which colour stands for which theme.

2. Circle new vocabulary. Look it up and then write their definitions next to the word. Next, keep a word bank in a workbook or on a word document containing any words you’ve learnt. Now you’ve successfully killed two stones with one bird – you’ve broadened your vocabulary and you’ve got a handy sophisticated vocabulary list you can always refer to when it comes to essay writing!

3. Write notes in the margins. Here you can summarise the significant points of a passage without needing to re-read the whole thing again. Use a pencil rather than pen. If you don’t like writing on paper, you can always use sticky notes and stick them to the pages. However, avoid writing full comprehensive notes in the margins. You’re not trying to write another book inside the empty sections of a book. Use a separate workbook or a word document for that!

4. Be open to different interpretations. Just because your teacher or a study guide interprets the text in particular way, doesn’t mean that you need to agree. If you see things from a different angle, that’s an advantage for you. Remember that you can be ambiguous with your ideas, understanding a certain character or theme from multiple perspectives offers you a variety of ideas that can be applied in your essay. This idea is echoed by English assessors in the VCAA 2013 Examination Report,

…students should be encouraged to have confidence in their own reading and demonstrate a personal understanding of their text, rather than relying exclusively on commercially produced material. All texts are complex works of art with a wealth of opportunity for exploration. There is no ‘expected’ response to a topic, and the most successful pieces were those that were thoughtful and fresh.

5. Got burning questions that pop up? Don’t dismiss what you don’t understand! Put down a question mark and do some research. The better you understand your text now, the greater understanding you will have of events that occur later in the text.

6. Mark literary devices. Symbols, metaphors, alliteration, assonance – the list goes on. Use shapes such as circles, triangles, squares and create a legend in order to keep track of the different literary devices that present themselves throughout the text. Bear in mind that the best essays always include a well-rounded discussion about the author’s choices in literary techniques and how they develop specific themes and/or characters.

7. Dog-ear important passages . Some key passages can be lengthy (spreading over several pages), and it can be a pain to highlight pages and pages of a book (it might too much for your eyes to handle too – ouch!) so instead, fold the corners of those pages down so that you know exactly where that key event occurs.

8. Find unique phrases/quotes. You’ll come across the same quotes that are repeatedly mentioned in class, study guides and essays that other students have written. To stand out, you should try to find those quotes that are equally powerful but are somewhat overlooked or underrated.

9. Annotate study notes and study guides. These notes are written by another reader who has developed their own ideas about the text – this doesn’t mean that you necessarily have to share the same ideas as there is always opportunity to disagree with another’s opinion. Draw smiley faces or frowns in areas where you agree or disagree. This can be the basis of an interesting discussion in your own essay.

10. Don’t be afraid to destroy that book! Yes, it’s nice to have a book crispy and clean, but think of annotating as a way to own that book! Show that you know the in and outs of the text so well that if someone else were to pick it up, they would have no idea where to even begin! Having proper notes in the right places and annotations will make the biggest difference.

Keep in mind that annotating does not equal skimming (where you briefly speed-read through your text). If you’re planning to only flick through the book, you are probably not going to find those unique passages or under-used yet powerful quotes. Take it slow and easy!

We’ve explored historical context, themes, essay planning and essay topics over on our Like a House on Fire by Cate Kennedy blog post. If you need a quick refresher or you’re new to studying this text, I highly recommend checking it out!

Hey guys, welcome back to Lisa's Study Guides. So this week I have another essay topic breakdown for you. So eventually I'm going to get through all of the VCAA texts that are on the study design, but we're slowly going to get there and are just want to say yet again, even though this one is like a house on fire, I am really glad if you've clicked on this video and you're not necessarily studying it because as always with all my videos, I try to give you an overall message for you to take away that can be applied to any single text. So that is the same for this particular text today. And so even though the takeaway message for this video is quite specific to short stories, it's still an important consideration for any text that you're studying. Ideally, you want to use a diverse range of evidence for any text, but in particular, for short stories, you don't just want to rely on a small handful, but to try and make links between the different short stories. So let's see what that means on the other side of this quick overview of the text. Like a House on Fire is a collection of short stories by the author, Cate Kennedy, and unlike a lot of other texts on the study design, this book portrays a lot of very domestic situations, which seems fairly boring compared to some of the other texts that other students might be doing. However, I'm really excited about this text because the short stories are great. Not because they have groundbreaking premises, which they don't, but because of how effortlessly and deeply emotive they are. So the domestic scenarios actually help us relate to the characters in the stories and empathize with the complexity of their experiences. The essay topic we'll be looking at today is in Like a House on Fire, Kennedy finds strength in ordinary people. Discuss. Here, the term which you really have to think about is strength. We already know that she depicts the story of ordinary people, of people like you or me, or even just people we may know, but does she find strength in them? It could be physical strength, but more often than not, it might be other types of strength. For instance, the mental strength it takes to cope with intense pressure or the emotional strength it takes to make a difficult choice or action. It's important to think about how they might actually apply throughout the book. In this sense, our essay will have essentially two halves. The first two body paragraphs we'll look at scenarios of intense pressure, be it through the loss of control in one's life or a domestic situation which has become emotionally tense. The last two body paragraphs will then consider the types of strength that Kennedy evinces in these stories. And we'll contend that she does find strength in the characters who face a difficult decision, but that she also finds a lot more strength in the characters who managed to cope with their situation and grapple with the tensions in their lives.

Paragraph one

In many of her stories, Kennedy portrays characters who experience powerlessness. This loss of power can come a number of ways. For instance, both Flexion and Like a House on Fire tell the story of men who have injured their previously reliable bodies and have thus been rendered immobile. But they also tell the story of their respective wives who have lost some control over their lives now that they have to care for their husbands. On the other hand, there are the kids in Whirlpool whose mother insists that they dress a certain way for a Christmas photo. Her hand on your shoulders, exerting pressure that pushes you down. Kennedy's use of second person really makes you feel this pressure that keeps you from going out to the pool you so desperately desire to be in. Evidently powerlessness is an experience that comes in many shapes and forms in several stories.

Paragraph two

In addition to this, Kennedy explores other emotional tensions across the collection, subverting the idea that the home is necessarily a safe sanctuary. This is where she really goes beyond just the idea of powerlessness, but actually jumps into scenarios that are much more emotionally complex. In Ashes for instance, we see the homosexual protagonist struggle with feeling useless and tongue tied, embarrassed by the floundering pause between his mother and himself. There is a significant emotional hurdle there, which is particularly poignant given that mothers are usually considered a source of safety and comfort for their children. Kennedy's story of domesticity actually subvert or question what we might think of the domestic space shared by family members. If you have the Scribe edition of the book, the artwork on the cover would depict a vase of wilting flowers, an empty picture frame, and a spilt cup of coffee. These are all visual symbols of an imperfect domestic life. A similar rift exists between husband and wife in both Five Dollar Family and Waiting, the women find themselves unable to emotionally depend on their partners. While Michelle in Five Dollar Family despises her husbands startled, faintly incredulous expression, an inability to care for their child, the protagonist in Waiting struggles to talk about her miscarriages with her husband who is already worn down as it is. Kennedy takes these household roles of mother, son, husband, wife, and really dives into the complex shades of emotion that lies within these relationships. We realize through her stories that a mother can't always provide comfort to a child and that a husband isn't always the dependable partner that he's supposed to be.

Paragraph three

However, Kennedy does find strength in some characters who do take a bold or courageous leap in some way. These are really important moments in which she is able to show us the strength that it takes to make these decisions. And she triumphs however small or insignificant that can be achieved. A moment that really stands out to me is the ending of Laminex and Mirrors, where the protagonist rebelliously smuggles a hospital patient out for a smoke only to have to take him back into his ward through the main entrance and therefore get them both caught. She recounts this experience as the one I remember most clearly from the year I turned 18. The two of us content, just for this perfect moment. And their success resonates with the audience, even though the protagonist would have lost her job and therefore the income she needed for her trip to London, Kennedy demonstrates her strength in choosing compassion for an elderly patient. Even the sister in Whirlpool, who wasn't exactly kind to the protagonist in the beginning, forms an unlikely alliance with her against their mother, sharing a reckless moment and cutting their photo shoot short. Bold leaps such as these are ones that take strength and therefore deserve admiration.

Paragraph four

However, more often than not, Kennedy's stories are more about the strength needed to simply cope with life, one day at a time. She explores the minutiae of her characters lives in a way that conveys the day to day struggles, but also hints at the underlying fortitude needed to deal with these things on a daily basis. In Tender, the wife feels as if everything at home is on the verge of coming apart since her husband is only able to cook tuna and pasta casserole for their kids. However, when she must get a possibly malignant tumor removed, her concern of whether there'll be tuna and pasta in the pantry just in case, demonstrates her selfless nature. Kennedy thus creates a character who is strong for others, even when her own life at home is disorderly and her health may be in jeopardy. The strength of gritting one's teeth and getting on with things in spite of emotional tension is a central idea across this collection, and many other examples are there for you to consider as well. And so we come to the end of our essay. Hopefully going through this gives you an idea of how to cover more bases with your evidence. Remember that you don't have to recount lots and lots of events, but it's more important to engage with what the events are actually telling us about people. This is particularly important for prompts like this one, where it heavily focuses on the people involved. That is it for me this week, please give this video a thumbs up. If you wanted to say thanks to Mark, who has been helping me write these scripts up for a lot of the text response essay, topic breakdowns. If you enjoyed this, then you might also be interested in the live stream coming up next week, which will be on Friday the 25th of May at 5:00 PM. I'll be covering the topic of analyzing argument for the second time, just because there's so much to get through. I'll also be announcing some special things during that particular live stream. So make sure you're there so you're the first to hear it. I will see you guys next week. Bye.

Like a House on Fire by Cate Kennedy

How To Get An A+ On Your Like A House On Fire Essay

Close Analysis Of 'Cake' From Like A House On Fire

What is a Written Explanation?
Creative Response-Based Written Explanations
Oral Presentation-Based Written Explanations

1. What is a Written Explanation?

Written Explanation (also known as Statement of Intention, SOE, and various other names throughout different schools) is a short introductory piece to your essay. The Written Explanation is intended to explore the reasons behind why you made particular writing decisions. This is done via FLAPC:

F orm, L anguage, A udience, P urpose, C ontext

2. Creative Response-Based Written Explanations

The following is taken from the VCAA study design for Creative Response-Based Written Explanations:

'a written explanation of creative decisions and how these demonstrate understanding of the text.'

Most assessors are quite lenient with how you want to approach the Written Explanation – there is no rigid structure that you need to abide by. As we will discuss below, this allows you to consider which aspects of form, language, audience, purpose and context you wish to include. Each of the points should establish why you have written your piece. They are considered as part of your SAC and thus, are marked accordingly. They are not examinable during the English exam.

There are traditionally three forms of writing accepted in assessments: expository, creative or persuasive essay.

‘I chose to write in an expository style, employing conventions of format and style of a traditional essay. This allows me to express my ideas in a logical order while adopting a sophisticated tone.’

When writing, you choose particular words and phrases to illustrate your ideas. Think about what type of language have you used and why. Perhaps your piece is formal or informal, sophisticated or simple, or from a first or third person perspective. All these factors are important in shaping your Context piece. Also consider language techniques you may have incorporated such as repetition, rhetorical questions, metaphors, symbolism and more.

‘I have chosen to write from a first person perspective to shed light on the inner workings of Gardiner from The Lieutenant .'

You must select a targeted audience for your essay. Your choice can be adults to young children, or even to your future self. Make sure your target audience is suitable for your essay – select a group that would realistically be interested in your work.

‘My piece is to be published in an anthology for those who have had difficulty assimilating into a new group or culture. As they have familiarity with the concepts I discuss, I intend for readers to depart with a greater understanding and appreciation of the ideas in my written piece.’

The purpose section is where you discuss the message you would like to send to your audience. Here you discuss your contention or arguments; whether you completely agree, disagree or a bit of both in regards to your prompt.

‘The purpose of this essay is to demonstrate that there can be different outcomes from encountering conflict: firstly, that conflicts can change many people through growth in understanding or a sense of self-development and secondly, that there are times when people remain unaffected by conflict and thus, unchanged.’

Since your essay is based on your studied text, you should provide a brief discussion of the basic ideas behind the Context . You can do this prior to your Purpose section since it is a good lead-in.

‘In this essay, I explored the idea that ‘Conflict inevitably changes people’; a concept heavily explored in The Lieutenant . Every person encounters conflict. It drives individuals to challenge themselves, and deal with new experiences.'

Different schools will set different word limits for Written Explanations. These can range from 300 – 350 words based on the VCAA study design. With such a small word limit, be succinct and choose wisely what you will discuss in order to score the maximum marks allocated to Written Explanations.

3. Oral Presentation-Based Written Explanations

The VCAA study design requests students write:

'a written statement of intention to accompany the student’s own oral presentation, articulating the intention of decisions made in the planning process, and how these demonstrate understanding of argument and persuasive language.'

Using the topic, 'Why we need to stop crying "cultural appropriation" when cultural exchange is far more important ', let's see how this can be done with FLAPC with some examples below (if you need help selecting a topic, check out our 2020 Oral Presentation topics to get those brain juices flowing ):

‘I chose to adopt the conventions of a persuasive speech, where I use a structure of presenting my main ideas by rebutting arguments made by the opposition. Throughout my speech, I embed persuasive tactics in an effort to firstly, encourage engagement from the audience and secondly, sway them to readily accept my point of view.

‘Since I am an Asian-Australian, I have purposefully forgone the opportunity to adopt a persona and instead, have chosen to write from a first person perspective as I can uniquely shed light on my own experiences towards cultural exchange and how that has directly impacted me. My speech heavily focuses on delivering tangible examples, such as anecdotes and social media usage, as I aim to heighten the topic’s relevancy and relatability for my audience. Moreover, as my focus is to reinforce positive attitudes towards cultural exchange, I have adopted a light-hearted approach with humour through the first portion of my speech, then moving into an urgent tone towards the end to highlight the importance of this issue.'

'I have opted to target young Australian adults since we are the generation of the future, and have a major role to play in positively shaping the Australian society’s views and attitudes towards cultural exchange.

'I aim to convince my audience that it is too easy to cry 'cultural appropriation' by being overly sensitive, and instead, we need to consider the benefits of cultural exchange. Cultural exchange itself, has shaped the world as we know it today – it has an important role in globalisation, understanding foreign cultures and the development of Australian society.'

'Australia is known to be one of the most multicultural countries in the world. However, recent media has drawn attention to cries of 'cultural appropriation' towards Indigenous Australians and other cultures, claiming that we fail to appreciate and respect cultural values when we take others' culture for our own (whether it be fashion, music, food or otherwise).'

‍ Sample FLAPC compiled and rearranged for flow and fluency:

Australia is known to be one of the most multicultural countries in the world. However, recent media has drawn attention to cries of 'cultural appropriation' towards Indigenous Australians and other cultures, claiming that we fail to appreciate and respect cultural values when we take others' culture for our own (whether it be fashion, music, food or otherwise). I aim to convince my audience that it is too easy to cry 'cultural appropriation' by being overly sensitive, and instead, we need to consider the benefits of cultural exchange. Cultural exchange itself, has shaped the world as we know it today – it has an important role in globalisation, understanding foreign cultures and the development of Australian society. I chose to adopt the conventions of a persuasive speech, where I use a structure of presenting my main ideas by rebutting arguments made by the opposition. Throughout my speech, I embed persuasive tactics in an effort to firstly, encourage engagement from the audience and secondly, sway them to readily accept my point of view. Since I am an Asian-Australian, I have purposefully forgone the opportunity to adopt a persona and instead, have chosen to write from a first person perspective as I can uniquely shed light on my own experiences towards cultural exchange and how that has directly impacted me. This also has an additional persuasive effect as I invite my audience to relate to my opinions through their own similar experiences as young Australian adults. I have opted to target this audience since we are the generation of the future, and have a major role to play in positively shaping the Australian society’s views and attitudes towards cultural exchange. My speech heavily focuses on delivering tangible examples, such as anecdotes and social media usage, as I aim to heighten the topic’s relevance and relatability for my audience. Moreover, as my focus is to reinforce positive attitudes towards cultural exchange, I have adopted a light-hearted approach with humour through the first portion of my speech, then moving into an urgent tone towards the end to highlight the importance of this issue.

Download a PDF version of this blog for printing or offline use

Need more help with your Creative Response? Check out How To Achieve A+ in Creative Writing (Reading and Creating)!

See how Lisa achieved full marks in her SAC in her Advice for A+ Oral Presentations guide.

Updated 24/12/2020

Ransom is usually studied in the Australian curriculum under Area of Study 1 - Text Response. For a detailed guide on Text Response, check out our Ultimate Guide to VCE Text Response .

Plot, Analysis, Important Passages and Quotes

1. Characters

Priam is an elderly king of Troy. As a child, his sister Hesione saved him from slavery, and had his named changed from Podarces to Priam, the name meaning ‘the ransomed one’ or ‘the price paid'. After the death of his son Hector, Priam envisions himself in plain clothing, riding a plain cart to Achilles who is effectively holding Hector ransom. His vision is the catalyst for the novel’s events, for his journey is one of learning and self-development. Though the royal family is doubtful of his plan to save Hector, Priam is resolute and insists that he needs to try his best to confront Achilles as a father, rather than as king. After many decades as king of Troy, Priam is determined to reinvent how he will be remembered; as a king who performed an extraordinary act of heroism in order to save his beloved son.

Achilles is known as the greatest warrior of the Greeks. The death of Patroclus, his closest companion and hinted lover, drives Achilles to insanity. Hector murdered Patroclus and, as a result, Achilles takes revenge by killing Hector. He then drags Hector’s dead body along the walls of Troy for the next 11 days. Achilles loses his sense of humanity as he is possessed by his rage, hatred and grief.

Somax is representative of the ‘common man’ in Ransom . He is chosen to escort Priam to Achilles. His simple and plain presence is contrasted with Priam’s royal status. He often engages in useless chatter and performs daily activities in a way that is foreign to the king. Although Somax is far from royalty, his great deal of affection for his daughter-in-law and granddaughter teaches Priam about love, family and life.

Beauty is Somax’s favourite mule. She accompanies Priam and Somax on their journey to the Greek camp where Achilles resides.

Somax’s other mule who carries the cart to Achilles’ camp.

Hecuba is Priam’s beloved wife and mother of Hector. She is initially uncertain of Priam’s vision to save Hector. However, after hearing Priam’s sentimental reasons, she shows support and urges him to first share his plan with their family and the kingdom’s council before he departs.

Hector is Priam’s son and also the leader of the Trojan army. He is kind, brave and noble without any cruel intentions, unlike his rival Achilles. During a battle between the Trojans and the Greeks, Hector kills Patroclus. This results in Achilles challenging Hector to a battle, resulting in Hector’s death and Achilles’ triumph.

Neoptolemus

Neoptolemus is Achilles’ son. Although he is mentioned throughout Ransom , he makes his first appearance at the end of the novel where he savagely slaughters an old and defenseless Priam in an effort to avenge his father’s death. ‍

By the way, to download a PDF version of this blog for printing or offline use, click here !

‍ 2. Themes

Ransom explores who we are and what it means to have an identity. As the leader of Troy for many decades, Priam has always viewed himself as a king. It appears as though Priam has been unhappy with his identity for quite some time, is physically weak, and feels as though he cannot protect his kingdom as efficiently as he used to. However, the death of Hector is a catalyst for Priam as he realises that he needs to become a ‘father’ rather than the ‘king’ he had become so accustomed to. His search for Hector is also a search for himself, to reinvent who he is and how he wishes others to remember him.

Meanwhile, Somax is designated as the king’s herald, with the name Idaeus. He secretly notes his unhappiness with this name appointment, since he is ‘Somax, not Idaeus'. The name ‘Somax’ is associated with many significant events in his life including his marriage and family, yet the new unfamiliar name strips him of this identity. Somax’s confidence and pride in his identity is starkly contrasted with Priam’s pursuit for an identity transformation.

Malouf demonstrates that it is never too late to change one’s ways. Priam’s determination to change how he is remembered – from just another king leading a regal life to a hero who went to extraordinary lengths to regain his child – demonstrates that change is within our grasp. Even though his beautiful wife Hecuba and the rest of his family have reservations about his desire to confront Achilles, Priam is resolved in taking a ‘chance', rather than achieving nothing by remaining within the walls of his home. Unexpectedly, this one idea propels Priam into a multitude of other changes. His journey with Somax teaches Priam a far greater deal than he had anticipated, for he learns to appreciate the value of the human connection and other daily simplicities in life.

Although Achilles is driven by hatred and anger after Patroclus’ death, as with Priam, he manages to change his ways. He is touched by Priam’s pleas and consequently accepts the ransom and returns Hector’s body. He is able to reach this state of peace by releasing his immoral intentions and even offers to hold a ritual for Hector’s body in the Greek walls that very night. This transformation, from a human who responds to grief with vengeance to someone who releases and forgives, demonstrates the benefits we can gain from amending our ways.

Revenge, Guilt and Peace

Revenge is portrayed as a never-ending vicious cycle until both parties reach a negotiation or peace. After Patroclus’ death, Achilles hunts down Hector in order to avenge his best friend’s early death. Although he is successful in murdering Hector, Achilles does not follow the custom of leaving the body for the grieving family to bury. Instead, Achilles feels the need to mutilate the body day after day without any sense of remorse or regret. His additional need to inflict harm on Hector’s body indicates that revenge will not bring closure. His sense of loss is shown as he reflects feeling empty inside, to the point where he no longer feels like himself, but someone else altogether.

Although Achilles and Priam ultimately find peace within themselves, many years later Achilles’ son Neoptolemus murders Priam, bounded by the same hatred and pain depicted by Achilles. Neoptolemus’ subsequent guilt and regret is carried with him throughout the rest of his life, demonstrating that again, revenge is not the answer to any problem.

Chance and Fate

The role of the gods is heavily woven into the events that unfold in Ransom. Priam only begins his transition and journey after envisioning the goddess Iris, who suggests that he take a ‘chance’ and try to save Hector from Achilles’ camp. During his journey, a jovial young man who joins the travellers is revealed as Hermes, a god who has come to safely guide the elderly men to Achilles. The power of the gods in controlling human fate is illustrated during the scene where Hermes saves the travellers from being swept away by a stream.

Nevertheless, it can also be argued that it is the characters’ decisions that lead them to their fate. Although the gods may have instilled in Priam the idea that he should rescue Hector, it is the king’s determination which is a main driving force for the journey. Even when confronted with doubt and hesitancy from his family, it is Priam who pushes onwards to fulfil his vision. Whether his actions were already predestined or of his own agency is up to you to decide.

Nature Versus Man

Man’s presence on earth is shown to have little significance in comparison to the power of nature. While the events in Ransom teach the characters many valuable lessons, ultimately these meaningful moments in the humans’ lives disappear as one reaches their fate – death. Time moves on beyond our lives as we are forgotten over decades and centuries while nature prevails. Priam’s desire to be remembered by others highlights how little significance a life possesses unless one behaves extraordinarily. Malouf demonstrates that in the end, life just is – we are granted by nature to have a brief existence, yet in the end, nature and time will move forward without us.

Commoners Versus Royalty

Although royalty is portrayed to be blessed with power and authority, it is ironically the commoners in Ransom who appear to have the ‘richest’ (and more fulfilling) lives. For the first time, Priam is exposed to the different interests and values of the common man and is intrigued by the simplicities of life. It is Somax, a mere old man from the marketplace, who teaches Priam more about life than he had imagined possible.

Jove’s Eagle

Jove’s eagle is a representation of a bird renowned for its keen sight. The presence of Jove’s eagle during Priam and Somax’s departure hints that the gods will safely guide their journey as the bird behaves as a lookout. Furthermore, the symbol of the eagle’s powerful vision is contrasted with Priam’s ‘blindness’ at the beginning of the journey since he is yet to experience the outside world. It is during the journey that he learns about himself and others, and thus, improves his ‘sight.’ Coincidently, Jove’s eagle is no longer mentioned when Priam is endowed with his new insight.

The royal cart is ‘a fine new one, the marks of the adze still visible on its timbers. The twelve-spoked wheels are elaborately carved and painted, a wickerwork canopy covers the tray'. On all occasions, the king had used this elegant cart to alert others that royalty was present. The use of this cart demonstrates how Priam has been encapsulated in his own royal sphere since everything is meticulously chosen and designed specifically for the king. Nevertheless, his demand for a ‘common work cart’ depicts his determination for a simple approach to Achilles, as a father to another father. This simplicity highlights Priam’s desire to become just another man and father, anonymous in the plain cart with the hopes of retrieving Hector.

Priam as a Child

At the beginning of the journey, Priam is characterised with childish traits. When Somax urges Priam to dabble his feet in the stream, words such as ‘obedient toddler', ‘three uncertain steps', and ‘happy smile’ reflect the actions of a young child trying new experiences. This childish nature is contrasted with Priam’s old and frail age, which demonstrates that although he has lived a life in royalty, his lack of exposure to ‘real life’ has left him crippled of the simplest experiences such as the cooling effect of feet in water and eating delicious homemade cookies.

The cakes Somax brings along during the journey highlight Priam’s lack of knowledge of even the simplest things. For Somax, the little griddlecakes are a regular and delectable snack, yet Priam 'ha[s] never seen them before'. Priam’s unfamiliarity with the cakes represents his isolation from the ‘real world’ since he has been deprived from things that even commoners view as ordinary.

Futhermore, Somax’s lengthy chatter about his daughter-in-law cooking the cakes with the ‘batter bubbling and setting and turning a golden brown’ prompts Priam to think about the activities in his kingdom that occur behind closed doors. He had previously never noticed that there was so much preparation and work that went into the food that appeared at his table, let alone the ingredients and thickness of a batter. These matters had been of little concern to Priam, yet he realises that even the ‘common and low…activities and facts of life, had an appeal'.

Hector’s Body

Although Achilles drags Hector’s body across the walls of Troy for eleven days, each morning he would return to find Hector’s body healed of any wounds, and absent of any physical damage to his body. This is a cruel reminder of the god’s ability to ‘toy around’ with the Ancient Greeks’ lives. Hector’s body also symbolises how revenge is not the answer to any conflict, since dealing with a tragic loss through revenge does not gain anything but more pain and suffering.

Although Priam initially believes he understands the distress of losing a son, Somax’s experience of losing his son is driven with emotions that Priam had never previously experienced. When sharing the story of his son’s death, Somax sniffles, an ‘odd habit’ according to Priam. The use of ‘odd habit’ to describe Somax’s sadness demonstrates how Priam has never truly felt the loss of his son, but only the loss of a royal relationship between king and prince.

Later on, Somax once again ‘snuffles’ and ‘rubs his nose’ at the thought of the ending to their journey. Similarly, Priam makes ‘small sounds', presumably crying as well. The transformation of Priam from someone who failed to empathise with Somax’s tears at the beginning of the journey to a man filled with emotions demonstrates that Priam undergoes both a physical and metaphysical journey where he undergoes self-development and appreciation of the world around him.

4. Plot, Analysis, Important Passages and Quotes

Achilles, the greatest warrior of the Greeks, stands next to the sea while reminiscing about the past. After his mother’s death he had ‘entered the rough world of men’ (p. 6) where wars and battles prevail. Every morning, he feels the need to ‘tramp to shore’ (p. 10) since he is haunted by the death of his ‘soulmate and companion’ Patroclus, and his raging hatred towards Hector, killer of Patroclus and thus, the ‘implacable enemy'.

When Achilles was a child, his cousin Patroclus came to live with the young Achilles since the former had killed the son of a high official of the royal court due to a ‘quarrel over a game of knucklebones’ (p. 11). In need of asylum, Patroclus came to live with Achilles’ family. As the years passed, the pair grew closer to the extent where Achilles believes that ‘he had mated with Patroclus’ (p. 15).

When the tide of the battle was against the Greeks, Patroclus disguises himself in Achilles’ armour in order to instill fear in the Trojans and cause them to return to the safety of their walls, thus providing temporary relief for the Greeks. In his last act for his closest friend, Patroclus is killed in battle*. The death of Patroclus left Achilles with an overwhelming sense of loss and also burning animosity. Achilles whispers that he will join Patroclus soon, but firstly, he has to avenge Patroclus’ killer, Hector.

Hector, the son of Trojan king Priam and leader of the Trojan army, wore Achilles' armour as a sign of triumph and disrespect for the Greeks. In a dramatic battle between Hector and himself, Achilles was successful in killing his enemy. Achilles’ Myrmidons then stripped Hector of his armour and ‘without pity…plunged their swords into Hector’s unprotected flesh’ (p. 24). For Achilles however, this was not enough. Still fuelled by his pain, Achilles ties Hector’s body to a chariot and drags it ‘up and down under the walls of Troy’ (p. 26) as the dead warrior’s royal family devastatingly watches on. Achilles feels like a ‘dead man…feeling nothing’ (p. 26), unable to seal the void left by his beloved friend.

The next day, Achilles is furious to find Hector’s body ‘smoothly sealed and the torn flesh made whole again'. His men cannot bear to look at him as he drives the chariot with Hector’s body along the walls of the Trojans once again. Afterwards he quickly falls asleep, into ‘oblivion’ (p. 35) as he struggles with the shame and guilt of his actions. He is ‘waiting for a break…something new and unimaginable’ in his life.

The Human Side

Along with the conflict between Greece and Troy, Ransom also delves into the consequences of those affected by the war. As the greatest warrior of all Greeks, Achilles has lived his life as a fighter. Nevertheless, his pathway in life has led him to believe that ‘such a life is death to the warrior spirit’ (p. 7). While warriors are known for sacrificing their lives in the battlefield, Achilles does not literally refer to warriors confronting death each time they fight for their team. In fact, ‘death to the warrior spirit’ means to metaphorically lose what it means to ‘live’ when one experiences bloodshed in each war. Growing up surrounded by ‘the rough world of men’ (p. 6), Achilles develops traits of aggression, cruelty and vengefulness in order to become an implacable man of war. As a consequence, Achilles only knows how to deal with Patroclus’ death with a fighter’s mindset. Instead of grieving openly, ‘he never permit[s] himself to betray to others what he [feels]’ (p. 5), thus detaching himself from the natural human process of grieving. In order to deal with his friend’s tragic ending, Achilles' ‘soul chang[es] colour’ as drags Hector’s body for eleven days without any sense of regret or remorse, and thus, is referred to as ‘death to his human spirit’ since he was no longer ‘a living man’ (p. 27). He faces Patroclus’ death with the same warrior traits of aggression, cruelty and vengefulness, depriving himself of any ability to humanely mourn his close friend’s death.

Furthermore, Achilles grieves for his mother in the opening passages of Ransom . During this time of loss, his mother symbolises Achilles’ need to be nurtured. The imagery of the sea surface as a ‘belly’ and ‘a membrane stretched to a fine transparency’ (p. 3) represents his mother’s pregnancy where he ‘had hung curled in a dream of pre-existence’ for ‘nine changes of the moon’ – or in other words, nine months of pregnancy. Achilles is characterised as a foetus, for his position is ‘chin down, shoulders hunched’ as though he is inside a womb. Although Achilles is a fighter, he hides the fact that he wishes to be ‘rocked and comforted’ by his mother, thus demonstrating that even beneath the surface of a cold-hearted warrior, the current of human emotions can cripple a man’s confident veneer.

If you'd like to read more of my analysis, feel free to access a sample of our ebook A Killer Text Guide: Ransom . In this ebook, I cover Plot, Analysis, Important Passages and Quotes so you can prepare for your SAC and exam. I've also included 5 Sample A+ English essays on Ransom , complete with annotations so you know exactly what you need to do in your next essay to achieve an A+.

All the best for your studies in Ransom!

Whether you revel in the ideas and intricacies of poetry or could not think of anything more monotonous to read, grab a tea (or coffee if it’s one of those nights), your favourite late-night snack, and prepare to be amazed by just how simple it is to absolutely NAIL a poetry essay.

Don’t worry, I know that same overwhelming feeling when poetry can seem as if it’s not even in English, but I can ensure you, learning how to write a poetry essay is like learning to ride a bike…. Once you wrap your head around it you’ll be cruising!

To make these tips even more practical, we’ll be focusing on John Donne’s poetry in relation to the topic below: ‍

‘Donne’s poetry explores the many aspects of human experience.’ Discuss.

‍ 1. Start off with a bang!

I’m sure you’ve heard it before… your introduction sets the tone for your essay and this could not be more true. A shallow introduction is like missing the start of your running race, or even worse arriving at a party just before it ends! You’ll just have so much catching up to do! Without being overly hyperbolic, here are a four essential tips that will ensure your assessor sees you as a high-scoring student right from your first sentence.

- Answer the question in your first sentence (even if it is in a broad manner) and always link back to the essay topic – this will show the assessor that you are answering the question given rather than presenting them with a sneaky memorised essay!

- Utilise the right terminology when outlining the type of poet and era they wrote in (i.e. metaphysical poet, Renaissance era, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth)

‍ - Outline the main poetic techniques for which the poet is known for (i.e. playful wit, rich imagery, language, challenging intellectual argument) as well as the ideas and values they endorse (i.e. elevation of reciprocal love, belief in the resurrection of Christ, celebration of eternal life)

- Wow your assessor with unique vocab (i.e. illuminate, emanate, meditate)

And here’s a sample introduction to help you even more:

John Donne’s anthology, “Selected Poetry” illuminates the human condition and thus provides much commentary on life and death. A metaphysical poet of the Renaissance era, Donne combines a playful wit, rich imagery, and perhaps most importantly language, to challenge intellectual argument and celebrate various aspects of sexual desire, mutuality and faith. Immersed in the Christian traditions of his time, Donne’s exploration of Death emanates from the Elizabethan acute awareness of the brevity and vanity of human life; however, with his sensual elevation of reciprocal love and his deep spiritual belief in the resurrection of Christ, Donne meditates upon his belief and celebration of eternal life.

2. Strong topic sentences are Crucial (with a capital C)

Time and time again students fall into one of two traps. They either try to start each paragraph with a lengthy (and often beautiful) phrase trying to encapsulate every idea they plan to introduce in the paragraph. Or on other occasions, they have no introductory sentence and instead launch straight into their poetry analysis. Your assessor may be blown away with your A+ worthy introduction and then reach this weak opening to your paragraph and have to reconsider! Your topic sentence is the frame for the whole paragraph so please, keep it clear, succinct, and relevant to the essay question.

Here are three ‘DOs’ and ‘DON’Ts’ to consider when crafting one of the most important sentences of your essay (again, sorry about the drama!)

- DON’T mention the poem you will use as evidence in your topic sentence

- DO answer and link directly to the essay topic

- DO use linking words to link the ideas in different paragraphs

And here are three STRONG topic sentences for each paragraph of this essay (note how I always link back to the topic of human experiences and link ideas between paragraphs)

- Rewriting the conventional trope, Donne’s oeuvre explores the joy of erotic love and ones’ lustful desire to engage in these sexual experiences.

- While much of Donne’s oeuvre comments on the pleasure of carnal experiences, his more harmonious poems reveal the beauty of relationships in which one can experience a deep sense of mutuality and stability.

- Silhouetted against the backdrop of the Elizabethan reign, Donne’s more metaphysical poems demonstrate the struggle of the process of dying and individual corruption, and the manner in which it leads to the acquirement of God’s love and grace.

3. Organise paragraphs by IDEAS

What makes a poetry essay so unique is that your paragraphs are based on broad ideas rather than the motifs and behaviours of characters in novels. This means that when planning your essay you must ensure that each paragraph has only one idea and that each paragraph is based on a different idea. From there you can work out which poems best represent each concept to work out which poems you will use for each paragraph. This is why I love poetry essays as planning for them is so easy! All you have to do is think of three or four different ideas for the essay topic and then find your textual evidence by working out which poems best reflect these ideas…. Simple! Right?

Here are the three ideas that I plan to discuss in each of my paragraphs of this essay as well as the poems I would use:

- Sexual/physical human experiences

- ‘Elegy 19: To His Mistress Going to Bed’ & ‘The Flea’

- Mutuality and reciprocity as an experience/element of spiritual love

- ‘A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning’

- The innately human experience of dying and being embraced by God in heaven

- ‘Hymn to God My God in My Sickness’ ‍

4. Analyse, not summarise

If there was one thing that was playing in my head over and over while writing a poetry essay it was ‘analyse, not summarise’. It is so easy to fall into the trap of simply summarising the poetic techniques and language of the different poems rather than analysing their meaning and linking this directly to the essay question. Even if you have the best plan and ideas going for you, if an assessor notices you going into summary mode they’ll assume you’re just rewriting a memorised essay rather then answering the exact essay question given…. DISASTROUS! To prevent this utter catastrophe, I urge you to please, link to and answer the specific essay topic EVERYTIME you introduce a new poetic technique/piece of evidence. Verbs such as demonstrates, elucidates, illustrates, exemplifies, illuminates and augments are ‘must haves’ in your poetry tool-box as they will ensure that you are analysing not summarising.

Here is a sample paragraph for you to consider (notice how I always link back to the idea of mutual/reciprocal love and experiences every time I introduce a new poetic technique or quote)

While much of Donne’s oeuvre comments on the pleasure of carnal experiences, his more harmonious poems reveal the beauty of relationships in which one can experience a deep sense of mutuality and stability. The poem, ‘’A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning’’ explores the sense of security and harmony which spiritual love and experiences permit. Adopting a hush, reverent tone manifested by the use of sibilance, through the enjambment of the phrase ‘’Dull sublunary lovers love, / (Whose soul is sense) cannot admit / Absence’’, Donne elevates mutual love to a higher plane, one that transcends the lines of poetry. When accompanied by the stability of the ABAB rhyme scheme that works to echo the couple’s settled love, this presents the experience of reciprocity and mutuality of love to be higher than the dull and earthbound nature of love that is solely physical. Hence, Donne reveals the bliss that mutual love permits mankind, given it eclipses the desire for any form of physicality. Further elucidating the strength of mutual love, Donne illuminates how when couples are separated it is ‘’not yet a breach, but an expansion’’, thus celebrating the manner in which deep, reciprocal love not only eclipses the divisions of the clock but how it expands ‘’like gold to airy thinness beat’’ when separated. By connoting spiritual love to the pure and malleable nature of gold, this simile characterizes mutual love to be the prime of human experiences and relationships. Intertwining the elegant conceit of a compass to represent the love that connects the speaker and his mistress, Donne garners the notion that no matter how far ‘’one doth roam’’ the intellectual bond between the couple will remain ‘’firm’’ and enable the pair to overcome any form of physical separation. Hence, Donne illuminates the complex and impermeable bond that this serene form of human experience can foster.

‍ 5. Vocab and metalanguage are the easiest ways to SHINE

To say it plainly, writing with unique and refreshing vocabulary is enough to send your grade SOARING. It will not only render your ideas and discussion ever more complex, but has the power to enlighten and stimulate your assessor (and this is something we all want to do… right?). Utilising the correct poetic metalanguage every time you introduce a new quote or line of poetry will ensure that your analysis remains both specific and detailed. As seen in the paragraph above, discussing the poetic techniques provided me with another form of evidence (rather than just the quotes from the poem) to elucidate how these different forms of human experience are illustrated in each of Donne’s poems.

To assist you further, here is some metalanguage for the poetic techniques and structures that frequent John Donne’s poetry:

- Sibilance, alliteration, imagery, paradox, conceit, metaphor, simile, personification, rhyme structure, tone, volta, enjambment, metre (i.e. iambic pentameter, trochaic tetrameter), monosyllabic phrasing

- Stanza, verse, quatrain, cinquain

6. Finish with a jaw-dropping conclusion

A mediocre conclusion is like leaving your assessor with an unpleasant aftertaste that unfortunately, will not go away. So please, finally give your conclusion the attention it deserves and follow these five tips to ensure you leave your assessor waiting for that mic to drop!

- Pan out to the broad, abstract ideas that the poet wrestled with

- Discuss the aspects of the poet that set them apart from other poets at the time (i.e. for John Donne that is his intellectual imagery, arresting voice, wit, fusion of passion and logic and the manner in which he challenged intellectual argument and strongly held societal conventions)

- Short and sweet not long and wordy!

- Reinforce the period and society in which the poet wrote

- You can include a secondary quote if you want, however only if it relevant to the essay topic and ideas you discussed

Here is a sample conclusion to assist you:

Railing against the societal value of religion prominent during the reign of Queen Elizabeth, the originality of Donne’s ideas about love, death and God along with his strikingly intellectual imagery and rich language incite and interest his more religious readership of the joys of sexual, mutual and religious experiences. The poet and playwright Ben Jonson once wrote that John Donne ‘’was the first poet in the world in some things.’’ Hence, it is through his witty and authentic form of expression that Donne allows us to reflect on and celebrate precisely what it means to be human.

For a step-by-step explanation of everything you need to know to ace your SAC or exam, check out our How To Write A Killer Language Analysis ebook.

For many students, Language Analysis is their downfall. Here is the main reason why: Lots of students don’t think about how language is used to persuade , instead they rely on lists of language techniques to tell them the answer. These sheets are usually distributed by teachers when you first start language analysis – see below.

Whether or not you’ve seen that particular document before, you’ve probably got something similar. You’ve also probably thought, ‘this sheet is absolutely amazing – it has everything I need and it tells me how language persuades!’ – I know I did. Unfortunately, this mindset is wrong. Don’t fall into the trap like so many other students have over the years. For a detailed guide on Language Analysis including how to prepare for your SAC and exam, check out our Ultimate Guide to VCE Language Analysis .

The following comes from VCAA 2009 English Assessment Report:

…some students presented a simple summary [when analysing]…with little development. These responses did not score well as they did not fulfil the task as required.

The ‘simple summary’ refers to students who rely on those technique sheets to paraphrase the explanations regarding how language persuades. There is ‘little development’ because copying the explanations provided on these sheets doesn’t demonstrate enough insight into the article you’re analysing. Let’s have a look at the VCAA English Practice Exam published in 2009, ‘Chickens Range Free’ so that we can demonstrate this point. We will look at two students, both analysing the same technique. Compare the two and determine who you believe provides the better analysis.

Student 1: Emotive language such as “abominably cruel” and “dire plight” is intended to stimulate strong emotional reactions that manipulate readers’ responses.

Student 2: The use of emotive language such as “abominably cruel” and “dire plight” intends to appeal to people’s instinctive compassion for the chickens by describing their dreadful treatment, hence causing readers to agree with Smith that urgent action is required to save these animals.

It should be clear that Student 2’s example is best. Let’s see why.

Student 1 has determined the correct language technique and found suitable evidence from the article. This is a good start. However, Student 1 goes on to merely reiterate the explanations provided by language technique sheets and as a result, their analysis is too broad and non-specific to the article.

Student 2 conversely, understands that this last step – the analysing part – is the most important and vital component that will distinguish themselves from others. Instead of merely quoting that the article ‘manipulates the reader response’ like student 1, they provide an in-depth analysis of how and why reader feelings are manipulated because of this technique. Student 2 was able to use the information to illustrate the author’s contention that we should feel sorry for these caged chickens – and we do because of our ‘instinctive compassion.’ They explain that the sympathy expressed from readers encourages them to agree that some action needs to be taken to help the chickens. As you can see, Student 2 has gone beyond identifying that ‘strong emotional reactions’ will be displayed by readers, to establishing what emotions are involved, and the consequences of those emotions.

This is why it’s best to avoid paraphrasing language technique sheets. By all means, don’t totally disregard them altogether. They’re definitely great for learning new language techniques – just be mindful of the explanations given. The part regarding how the author persuades is the downfall of many students because even though teachers tell you to analyse more, they often don’t show you the difference between what you’re doing wrong and what you should be doing right.

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Film analysis, quote analysis, tradition vs. modernisation, media representation/ manipulation, family relationships, power dynamics and leadership, perception vs. reality.

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Comparative essays

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From the commencement of the film, the black ominous background and the preface indicate the foreshadowing adversity to the crown, or the Imperial family headed by the Queen. As such, this summarises the understanding that the well-respected monarchy lives in constant trepidation as difficulties arise to challenge their authority and leadership.

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The bright colour scheme allows the footage of Tony Blair and his wife to appear authentic to the time period of 1997. This moment indicates Britain at the cusp of change as modernisation threatens the establishment existing through protocols and rules. The difference can be perceived through the queen’s representation in the portrait to appear distant, cold and rigid , reflecting the adherence to customs and traditions whilst the Blairs are characterised by the media to be affectionate, warm and friendly .

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The panning shot upwards indicate the power and dominance of the Crown, further emphasised by the glorified sounds of violin and saxophone. Her gaze at the audience immediately breaks the fourth wall , as though she is connecting to the audience with her gaze even with her restrained facial expressions. As such, this foreshadows possibly a glimpse into the emotions and thoughts of the highly respected yet mysterious monarch.

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The diegetic sounds of the bagpipes being played by the Sovereign’s Piper immediately situate the audience to perceive the institution as a reflection of the strict obedience to various traditions established by past precedents. As the camera captures a full body shot of the bagpiper in the authentic kilt in the distance, this subtle yet critical detail further reinforces the respect and considerations for the accuracy of the time period. The cut to the Queen’s bedroom interior and her maid suggests simplicity and modesty as the maid is dressed in humble plain black, while the Queen is seen in a basic white, indicative of her constant strive for perfection. It is also worth noting she is not with Prince Phillip, thereby foreshadowing the strained relationship between the two.

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The real footage documenting the first day of Blair being elected as the Prime Minister is juxtaposed against an imaginative interpretation of the Queen in the Palace. The utilisation of such editing technique enables Frear to manipulate the truth without disrupting the flow of the story through the smoothly cutting to the scene of the Queen. As such, the line between what is real and what is not becomes blurred through Frear’s careful inclusions of these authentic footages.

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The juxtaposition in the camera angles demonstrate the atmosphere at the instance of these particular scenes. While Tony and his wife have an equal relationship, suggested by the eye level close up shot highlighting the intimacy between the two, the latter scene is shot with the high angle, demonstrating the Blairs as being inferior, lacking power in the presence of a formidable force that is the Crown. Cherie solidifies her position as a supporter of Republican values from her exaggerated eye roll at the Royal protocols.

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The divide in power dynamics is clearly depicted the moments Blair is asked to be the Prime Minister by the Queen. His awkward gestures and nervous speech are juxtaposed against the Queen’s calm demeanour as she corrects his assumption in a rather condescending manner. As such, even though Blair won the election by a landslide, he is fully aware that he is subject to the power of the Crown. She quickly withdraws her hand, dismissive almost, once again depicting an air of formality and distance

What is plain to see here is Cherie’s unfamiliarity with the royal protocols, notably demonstrated through the difference between her unnatural and forced bow in comparison to the equerry’s natural and graceful greetings . Her previous disdain and mockery towards the traditional institution dissipate. Instead, she becomes overwhelmed in the presence of the Crown as her timid gestures are similar to that of her husband’s. The couple walk awkwardly to not show the Queen their backs upon being dismissed, unable to adjust to such customs.

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The cut to Diana’s famous footages after the Queen’s exit depicts the highly publicised life of the “People’s Princess” filled with scrutiny by the media. As such, the editing technique cutting between the infamous car chase leading to the horrific crash (imaginative interpretation) and the real media recordings of Diana attempting to cover the camera before the screen turns black completely indicate her desperate attempts to live the life away from public attention. The lingering darkness of course is a rather foreboding phenomena, suggesting the upcoming tragedy.

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The responses to Diana being in the terrible incident provides an insight to the divide in the classes between the Sovereign and those serving them. The Queen and Prince Philip are in an extravagant bedroom with expensive decorations, dressed in sophisticated robes. In contrast, Janvrin and the Blairs are answering the phone calls themselves in a rather modest bedroom. The gloomy atmosphere is intensified by the dark shadows in the night, foreshadowing the imminent adversity.

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While Prince Charles is filled with concern and worry for his ex-wife, intending to lead to Paris using a private jet, Queen Mother, the Queen and Prince Philip are more conscious of the media’s reaction. Through this interaction, the audience is made aware of the strained relationship between Prince Charles and his family in regard as he is restrained from expressing his apprehension to his wife directly. What is even more prevalent is the struggle to balance the public and the private world as the monarch is constantly criticised by the media, thus depriving them a chance to deal with private manners. His exit ultimately suggests his disappointment and differing stance compared to the rest.

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In contrast, the Prime Minister prioritises the matter of her death as he proposes the need to make a speech regarding this devastating news, understanding its urgency due to the influence Princess Diana has in the public. As such, his conduct greatly contradicts to the Queen who thinks that this as a private matter. Therefore, this suggests the differing stances of both leaders, indicating conflict which arises from their individual judgement. In addition, the term “People’s Princess” receives a close up , demonstrating that Diana is not an entity of her own, but rather public possession, further reinforcing the lack of privacy for those with high profiles in society.

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This scene further reinforces the strained relationship between Prince Charles and the Queen. As she views the expressions of William and Harry, the close up shot demonstrates her extremely concerned and saddened state. Yet, her emotions are not delivered to Prince Charles as she hesitates to touch him to provide some condolences to him and awkwardly retreats her hand, indicating her inability to deliver her emotions and support to her child as she has always been expected to be distant and controlled. In turn, Charles eyes are filled with tears in a close up shot, suggesting his ability to express himself as well as his lack of expectations for his mother to show any sign of kindness. His bitter remarks thus reflects his own disapproval of his mother’

While the Queen notes down her emotions and thoughts (presumably) down in her diary as she prefers to internalise the absurdity of the events with dignity and concealment, the Prime Minister chooses to make a public statement regarding this matter. Once again, there is a clear difference in the way these two characters are presented, with the Queen dressed in the sophisticated robe while the Prime Minister is dressed in the Newcastle shirt, highlighting his active approach to the matter. His clothing further suggests he too is a patriot of the country represented by his love for football.

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Alistair’s mischievous indication draws the audience’s attention away from the media as the culprit for Princess Diana’s demise. The subtle yet piercing hint is prevalent, signalling the Royal Family as perhaps the perpetrator for the death of the People’s Princess. As such, it is apparent to many of the complications within the relationship between Princess Diana and the Royal family.

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Here, the clash between privacy and publicity is clear from the close up between the Queen and the Prime Minister. It can be assumed from the two devices that they are using, the Queen is more comfortable with traditions and familiar with being ‘tied down’ by protocols while Blair is more ‘modernised’ in comparison, as the device is not confined by the chord, suggesting he is freed from the boundaries of tradition.

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The true impact of the Princess’ death can be seen on the faces of those grieving her death. In comparison to the indifferent Janvrin, the rest of the maids serving the Royals are visually distraught upon this news and find comfort in the phrase the “People’s Princess” as they recognise her importance. Similarly, Charles is seen to also express his grief upon seeing his death ex-wife. The window frames functioning as a visual obstruction suggest the importance of privacy for the Prince who have just come to face the shocking reality of her death.

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Once again, there is an insertion of real life footages, and notice the date at the bottom left corner (Monday), suggesting the people’s tremendous adoration for the Princess that stops them from carrying out daily responsibility. Therefore, this further serves to solidify her position in the people’s heart, as suggested by the various news outlet. With this, the Prime Minister receives a positive review from the media, and of course, this reflects negatively on the Royal family who have yet to make a statement about the matter. The mid body shot on Alistair suggests that he too, like Cherie holds little sentiment towards the Monarchy as he is visibly uninterested in the long procedures and ‘sophisticated’ language used by the Lord Chamberlain.

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The suggestion to hold a public funeral for Diana does not sit right with the Queen and the Queen mother. In particular, the mid shot to their respective facial expressions both demonstrate disapproval and the lack of content for the decisions. At the thought of having celebrities to march with the band send both almost into a shocked state as the Queen is unable to respond to the decisions made regarding the flowers in front of Buckingham Palace and the Queen mother is distraught.

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The confrontation between Prince Charles and the Queen discusses the importance of familial love and the physical expression of love. The close up on Charles face shows a sense of desperation almost, for his mother to express the same motherly love that Diana has towards the two young princes. The close up shot on the Queen suggests her wishes to also extend a gesture of concern. Yet, the instance Charles mentions his fear of being shot, she becomes visibly upset about his weakness and resolves to retreat herself from the situation. As such, this further solidifies her preference for restraint and solitude as she deals with emotional matters in private.

As the Queen watches the iconic footage of Diana discretely criticising the Royal family, her expressions become rather saddened and worried, reflecting her sombre and depressed mood due to the current unprecedented events and perhaps even her own remorse at the treatment the Princess received. With Philip once again delivering callous remarks about Diana and suggesting subtly of his own infidelity kept in secret, the close up shot on the Queen’s face illustrates her diverting her gaze from Philip. She showcases a hurtful expression as she reaches for a drink, alluding to the fact that she too, like Diana had a marriage that is anything but a fairy tale, yet she chooses to stay. Thus, the Queen is depicted as formal, aloof, professional and her husband, the Duke of Edinburgh, as irascible and opinionated.

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The scene composed of the Prime Minister and the smug Alistair fortifies the Republican’s amused reaction to the media’s mockery of the Royals. Interestingly, the Prime Minister does not share the same sentiment and is rather concerned for the reputation of the monarchy, as such this suggests his values are not as radical as initially presented. The composition of the scene represents Alistair to hold the dominant position, suggesting the wide spread view of the public towards the clumsy means in which the Royals are handling the situation, whilst the Prime Minister hold the minor interest in preserving the monarchy. However, the choice to raise the flag half-mast is denounced severely by the Royals, and in particular Prince Philip delivers the Traditional sentiment in a dismissive manner. This conversation is discussed away from the two Princes, suggesting their consideration for the children upon the passing of their Mother. The fast-paced music however, ironically contradicts Philip’s reassurance that things will just return to normal.

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The discussion between Cherie and Blair imply his desire to preserve the Monarchy, contrary to what would have been expected of him as a radical moderniser. The audience also receive a subtle glimpse into his ambitions in monopolising both the public affection as well as the approval of the Queen in order to further his agenda. His understanding of the public’s high regard for the Royals distinguish him from the rest of Republican sympathisers who believe it is a time for change. However, the Queen does not simply give in to Blair’s suggestions, indicated by the act of clearing her specs and aligning the pen, suggesting she can see his motives clearly as well as her preference for order and protocol.

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The iconic stag scene suggests the Queen’s vulnerability and the first time she lets down her guard. As she drives the vehicle prior to her encounter with the majestic creature, this is indicative of her desperate attempts to flee the current situations. The sign of her car breaking down signifies her inability to escape the adverse circumstance at hand. As such, this serves as the last straw as she too ‘breaks down’ in tears in silence, with dignity. The moment she faces the stag, the camera zooms in to capture her sorrowful expression, indicating her weakness shown the first time and humanises her character. The stag holds symbolic significance, paralleling the Monarch who is under the scrutiny of the public and will be hunted any minute now.

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As the Queen listens to the advice given by the Queen Mother, her words echo in the background but the focus of the frame is on the serious expression of the Queen. As such, this alludes to the understanding that she must choose a different alternative than rely on the past traditions that have stabilised the institution for this long. Therefore, even though her decision is met with scrutiny, in particular by Philip who expresses his disdain openly, she remains headstrong with her choices. Charles on the other hand praises her efforts, with her not batting an eye in his way, further signifying her extreme disapproval of her own choice, yet she humbly abides to serve the interest of the nation. Here, what becomes prevalent is the motivation of the Prime Minister in getting on the good side of both the Queen and the public, as Alistair sees through his intention to be seen as the saviour of the nation.

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Upon seeing the 14-pointer stag being shot, the Queen expresses her emotions in a restraint manner momentarily before brightly smiling and congratulating those who hunted him. This suggests the fear of her own fate being hunted by the public, yet she puts on a brave front as always to others. The instance she is greeted by the young girl at Buckingham Palace and is gifted the bouquet, her faith in the people is restored as her expression brightens up for the better. As such, this parallels what the Prime Minister expected earlier on as he believes the British people still hold a strong belief in the monarch. The stag may also represent beauty of the nature, Diana, and the monarchy and its traditions. All three are or were struggling to maintain beauty and dignity as an extension in a world corrupted by unjust social behaviour. The stag wounded by the bankers suggest the economic wellbeing being disrupted by them, including that of Europe’s. The commercialism in the modern age with its preference for money over beauty and dignity targets the beauty of nature, Diana and the monarch. As such, the foreboding death of the stag presents the imminent death of beauty and dignity.

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The director purposely chooses the colour scheme to reflect a warmer and brighter tone to underscore the authenticity of the instance the Queen delivers her speech, as well as subtly hinting at the way in which the Queen has been humanised the instance she decides to make this difficult speech. In response to seeing this, the mid shot of the Blairs demonstrate the reactions at the two extremes of the spectrum with Cherie disagreeing with how genuine the Queen and the Prime Minister admiring her efforts. This is implied through the proxemics presented in the scene, as the distance between the two mirrors their differing perspectives.

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The stark contrast between the traditional attire adorn by the Queen in comparison to the stylish white hat worn by Diana solidifies the dichotomy. The eerie last gaze of Diana denotes her impact on the Royal family as the audience is situated to be slightly disturbed by this lingering scene, perhaps recognising a different side to the Princess for the first time as she appears rather cold and distant. The Queen Mother’s negative view on the Princess is prevalent as she appears to be asleep during the … On the other hand, the Queen herself appears indifferent but pays full attention to the ceremony regardless. Charles himself appears remorseful as tears are at the corners of his eyes.

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The Queen reasserts her dominance over the Prime Minister, indicated by her comfortable and witty responses to his conscious and careful remarks. As she admits her inability to express her emotions, the two are seeing eye to eye for the first time as her genuine confession showcases her weakness and unfamiliarity with the people’s changing values. As the pair walks in the part, the atmosphere appears more natural as the tension eases, signifying the possibility of a positive outcome for the professional relationship for the future.

“It wasn’t for Mr Blair” -the Painter, Mr Crawford

“You’re not a moderniser then” -the Queen

Mr Crawford illustrates the glory of the Queen through the brilliant painting of her expressionless and dignified portrait. His justification for traditional values reflect the Queen’s opinion of Blair leading Britain on the road of modernisation. As such, Mr Crawford, and the Queen both hold scepticism towards the election.

I rather envy you being able to vote. Not the actual ticking of the box, although, I suppose, it would be nice to experience that ONCE. But the sheer joy of being partial.

As the Sovereign of the state, the Queen is supposed to maintain the impartiality and level-mindedness. This further alludes to the requirement for her to sustain the long established traditions, as that is what she has grown up to know and comply to. She has yet to be exposed to anything else, therefore preventing her from being flexible in her approach to different situations.

“In Balmoral, all seems to breathe freedom and peace, and make one forget the world and its sad turmoils.” -the Queen quoting the late Queen Victoria

The dream-like description of Balmoral alludes to the moment the Royal family retreats to the usual getaway as a means to revitalise the gloomy atmosphere in the family upon the tragic death of Diana. In addition, the royals’ ignorance to the importance of the unfortunate death of Princess Diana is foreshadowed at this instance as the obliviousness of the Imperial family and inability to face the “sad turmoils” suggest the lack of acknowledge the changes in the sentiment of the public towards the highly influential figure.

They kept faith with Princess Diana. They liked her. They loved her. They regarded her as one of the people. She was the people’s princess. And that’s how she will… stay, how she will remain, in our hearts and in our memories, forever. -Prime Minister

A bit over the top, don’t you think? -Janvrin

Janvrin too, like the rest of the Royal family, is oblivious to the influence of the Princess in the eyes of the people in the nation. As such, he is a direct representation of the sentiments of those who regard Diana as a threat to the traditional values, ignorant to the ways she has moved the public with her numerous charity works and her openness to the people. In seeing the reactions of those moved by the speech of the Prime Minister, he too becomes aware of the great influence of the princess.

God. Will someone please save these people from themselves? -Prime Minister

The ironic words of the Prime Minister echoes the path of self-destruction of the Royals as their concrete belief on traditions are turning the British public against them. Blair however, demonstrates his concern for the ruling monarch as he attempts to salvage the situation by appealing to the Queen.

“Something’s happened. There’s been a change” – the Queen

Nowadays people want glamour and tears, the grand performance. I’m not very good at that. I never have been. I prefer to keep my feelings to myself. And foolishly, I believed that was what the people wanted from their queen, not to make a fuss nor wear one’s heart on one’s sleeve. Duty first, self second. That’s how I was brought up. That’s all I’ve ever known. -the Queen

But I can see that the world has changed. And one must… modernize. -the Queen

One of the critical difference driving the tension between the Royal family and the Prime Minister is their respective views on the British people. The battle between the tradition held for “more than 400 years old” and the understanding that “one has to be flexible” is at the core of the disagreement between two respective parties. Of course, there are logical reasoning behind the two respective views, hence making the situation increasingly difficult as there is credibility from both ends.

The Queen’s dignity, reserve and devotion to duty and her certainty in her choices are inarguably her greatest strengths as a monarch. Her restrained actions are perfectly aligned with her philosophy. Her formality, insistence on protocol, and proper conservative dress physically define who she is and what she represents. Thus, she is rigid and inflexible, presenting to be strongly associated with the standards of protocol rather than genuine human connection. Thus, this is her greatest weakness as well.

Britain is at a delicate time of change upon the death of the beloved Princess. Here, the traditional means and the protocols subject the princess to be treated as a regular individual rather than a member of the Royal family following her divorce with Prince Charles. According to the appropriate conduct and the wishes of the Diana’s family for privacy, the Queen resolved to have the matter dealt with in a discrete manner. Yet, what has not been accounted for is the connections the Princess had that have long transcended the boundaries of regulations alone. As such, there is an emergence of the public responding hysterically regarding Diana’s death is an unprecedented adversity.

As such, when the Queen is targeted by the press regarding the need to publicly announce her grief for Diana, the Queen feels a connection with this stag, precisely at a time when she herself is being “hunted and brought down” by a citizenry. She calls him “a beauty,” as he is something ethereal, magical, and “otherworldly” like how the monarch is seen in the eyes of the public. She hopes that “he did not suffer much” when the shooting party had to follow him for miles before finishing him off, suggesting the fear of her traditions being replaced by this modernisation/

She may have encouraged all that, but still… that was always the extraordinary thing about her. Her weaknesses and transgressions only made the public love her more. Yet ours only make them hate us. Why is that? Why do they hate us so much? -Prince Charles

Not us, dear. -The Queen

Anyway, you got raves in the press. This lot call you “The nation’s mourner-in-chief.” This lot says you’re the only person who’s correctly judged the mood of the country. -Alistair

This suggests the manipulation of the media which has now shifted in favour of the Prime Minister, who griefs with the people during the difficult time. His acknowledgement is thus juxtaposed against the Queen’s criticism for her indifferent outlook on the matter.

A chance to what? This is a family funeral, Mr. Blair, not a fairground attraction. I think the princess has already paid a high enough price for exposure to the press, don’t you? -the Queen

I think it’s disgusting that they have not appeared or said a word relating to all this. – One of the citizen.

Well, in one sense, it’s comforting. For the first time, my parents can see what it’s been like for me all these years, being up against her popularity. -Prince Charles

I believe a few overeager editors are doing their best to sell newspapers, and it would be a mistake to dance to their tune. -the Queen

The film depicts media manipulation and representation controls and dictates the freedom of the characters in expressing themselves as they are moulded to act and present themselves in a way that is favourable, with the least amount of scrutiny as much as possible. The Royal family’s response to the death of Diana for example, demonstrate the power of the media in diverting the attention of the public from the paparazzi who were present and actively pursued Diana before the time of her death to the ignorant members of the Royal family. As such, the desire for the matter to be dealt with in privacy in turn is presented to be a sign of refusal to acknowledge the importance of the Princess to the public. Thus, even though the audience sees the family’s concern for the two Princes after the death of the matter, not willing to publicise the matter for the sake of her children, the media interprets this as silence and disrespect to the princess and the public.

Simultaneously, Diana too herself is the most prominent illustration of the figure who longs for the freedom from the media attention. The sound of shutters and media reports corrodes privacy as individuals are constantly placed in front of a camera. In particular, the various sounds at Ritz hotel are chaotic and overwhelming, prior to the moments of Diana’s death. Her desperate attempts to over the lenses suggest her desire to be freed from the constant preying from the public regarding her every move and choices.

In essence, the various news outlets understand the partial public sentiment but also orchestrate the matter to intensify the outburst of emotions by the public. For example, The Guardian and Independent were unlikely to take up the cause of Royal Family, the conservative Daily Mail was always democratic in tone and much of the rest, including The Times and The Sunday Time s , was owned by Rupert Murdoch, an Australian with known republican sympathies. The Murdoch-owned newspapers – especially The Sun and The News of the World – quickly adopted an antagonistic stance towards The Queen ’s decision to remain in Scotland and challenged the Royal family to react. As such, through understanding the motivations of the people behind the creation of this content, it is plain to see the means in which media is presented to favour only a partial truth, therefore audience needs to be more critical of what they see.

“She’s mother to your grandchildren”- Prince Charles

“Perhaps now you might like to consider whether it’s still an extravagance to bring back the mother of the future King of England… in one of our planes.” -Prince Charles

Charles openly expresses his sorrowful emotions. However, this sentiment is not shared with the rest of the Royal family as their reactions are rather aloof, more interested in the influences of Diana’s death on the family rather than the tragic accident itself. His restrained and heart-wrenching words are critical of the Queen’s indifference, who finds it difficult to express her concerns for her son. As such, this suggests the fractured relationship within the establishment

I don’t want the boys to see the news and upset. First thing in the morning, I want the radio taken out of the bedroom and the television taken out of the nursery. -The Queen

This suggests the devastating influence of the media on the lives of highly publicised individuals. As such, the Queen who has had and extended experience with the corrosive impacts of the media, chooses to shelter her grandchildren as much as she can to ensure they are not reminded of this tragedy. This also alludes to her decision to remain separated from the public sphere of criticism, a decision which calls upon others to question her authority.

Something about Diana managing to be even more annoying dead than alive . -Prince Philip referring to Margaret’s scathing words.

The way in which Prince Philip delivers the scornful words by Princess Margaret lacks any genuine feelings. As such, this suggests his callousness and disregard for Diana and establishes the treatment Princess Diana received since the beginning to the end of her marriage to Charles. In response to his questionable remarks, the Queen doesn’t reciprocate his touch on her shoulder, suggesting even though they are married, the relationship between the two is rather distant.

Whatever else you may have thought of Diana, she was a wonderful mother. She adored those boys, and never let them forget it. Always warm and physical. Never afraid to show her feelings. -Prince Charles

What, so it’s ok for his mother to take the bullet and not him? What a family. -Prime Minister

She was a nice girl…then. And I was sure he’s given the other one up. Or at least make sure his wife toed the line. Isn’t that what everyone does? -Prince Philip

Well, if she were alive now, your mother would be exactly the same age. I mean, you’re always saying how hysterical she was… old-fashioned, uncomplaining, lived through the war. -Cherie

Cherie’s slightly sarcastic sayings take a slight jab at the Prime Minister who perhaps view the Sovereign as a mother figure due to the similarities between his deceased mother and the Queen share. As such, this suggests the respect the Prime Minister holds for the Sovereign and the extent in which he will go to ensure the monarchy stays in power.

A lot of slamming doors. I think they saw the papers. -Prince Philip

It is understandable why the Royals are keeping the situation private for the two young Princes. The extremely delicate matter can affect the children profoundly, a matter which is only exacerbated by the public. As such, the Queen’s protection of the boys can be seen as an act of love whilst to others, it can be seen as ignorance and cowardice.

The family relationships within The Queen is fraught with complications. One of the most significant examples of this is the strained connection between the Queen and Prince Charles. The awkward manner in which the Queen tries to extend her arm to console the grieving Charles but quickly retreats herself indicates her inability to showcase maternal love in a physical manner as she has been brought up to be dignified and distant towards all the matters in her life, and that too is inclusive of the way in which she relates and treats her family members. In this regard, she is proposed to be a stark dichotomy to princess Diana, known for her affectionate and warmth to those around her from Charles’ description of her. Thus, it is as though he bluntly criticises his mother for her lack of concern in regard to his wellbeing, presenting him as cowardice and fearful.

In addition, the Royal family acts on the behalf of the two young Princes in the time of adversity to mitigate the negative impacts of the public on the death of their mother. However, an act of sacrificial from the Queen to retreat to rural Scotland for the sake of her grandchildren is depicted to be stubborn and emotionless.

What is subtly implied is also the lack of intimacy between the Queen and Prince Philip, as opposed to the Blairs who are constantly seen to be close together with Cherie adjusting his tie, and making the family breakfast. On the other hand, the Queen rarely reciprocates her husband’s touch, and is rather unresponsive to the term of endearment “Cabbage”. Thus, the Royal relationships envied by others are riddled with complications of their own. Yet, such matter is dealt with discretely and without major commotion, fitting with the Queen’s character.

“The Prime Minister is on his way, Ma’am.” -Jarvin “To BE, Robin. Prime Minister to BE. I haven’t asked him yet.” -the Queen

“No, Mr. Blair. Mr. Blair, I ask the question. The duty falls upon me as your sovereign to invite you to become prime minister and to form a government in my name.” -the Queen

The Queen asserting her dominance and status and the rigid reliance on traditions, the authority belongs to her even though Mr Blair is the Prime Minister elected by the people, she is the true authoritative figure. In particular, her town is rather urgent and defensive, reflecting her subdued concern for the upcoming changes this radical Prime Minister is planning to bring as his values greatly contradict hers.

“Thank you so much for coming. Now bugger off.” Cherie

Cherie mimics the Queen’s quick dismissal of them, suggesting her disapproval of the Monarch and simultaneously her preference for the Republican values. In addition, her straightforward speech deems her character to be rather realistic and pragmatic as she plainly displays her mockery due to the lack of genuine acknowledgement from the Queen.

“I am not a political figure.” -Princess Diana

The widespread criticism and scrutiny directed at the Princess suggest the public’s adoration and obsession with her as an individual with power and influence. Yet, from her poignant and memorable words, one is made aware of her desire to be freed from the preying eyes of media, to live her life of her own with the rights to privacy rather as an existence solely for the public.

“she’s only been dead for an hour” -Prime Minister

This suggests the level of importance Diana has to the British public, and the ignorance of the royals regarding the public sentiment as they are oblivious to the way in which Diana has greatly influenced the people, not limited to the British alone but on an international level.

“Good. Because if we leave it to the royal undertakers, they’ll bring her back in a wooden crate. Oh, God” and “This was Paris, one of the busiest cities in the world, and you could hear a pin drop. “-Prince Charles

Charles understand precisely the conservative values and the strict adherence to traditions and protocols will not sit well with the public who adores Diana with all their might and would want her to be treated with the respect as though she is a member of the Royal family. As such, there is a friction between following the rules and following the heart as tension rises.

You must show more strength. Reassert your authority. Oh. You sit on the most powerful throne in Europe. Head of an unbroken line that goes back more than a thousand years. -Queen Mother

Your whole life. That is a commitment to God as well as your people. -Queen Mother

Tony Blair. Mr. Father of the Nation. -Alistair

I doubt there is anyone who knows the British people more than I do, Mr. Blair, nor who has greater faith in their wisdom and judgment. And it is my belief that they will, any moment, reject this… this mood which is being stirred up by the press in favour of a period of restrained grief and sober private mourning. That’s the way we do things in this country. Quietly. With dignity. That’s what the rest of the world has always admired us for. -the Queen

“One day that might happen to me.” And it will, Mr. Blair. Quite suddenly and without warning. -the Queen

“Where is our queen? Where is her flag?” -Reporter

The British hold strong sentiment towards their Sovereign, suggested by the collective term our. In addition, there is this strong preference to defy the 400 years tradition, something in which the Queen herself has not expected.

So what I say to you now as your queen and as a grandmother, I say from my heart. -The Queen

At the two ends of the spectrum are the Prime Minister and the Queen, one representing the pragmatic perspective of reality while the other is the true sovereign of the nation adamant on traditions as the true determiner of the correct way to rule. It is important to acknowledge that the Queen represents the true formal authority in that though Tony Blair is considered the leader of the country, he still has someone who he answers to. On one hand, the Queen’s strong assertion of devotion to duty and dignity define her perspective on leadership and moral authority to her people. As such, her inflexibility and resolute trust on proper conduct drives the conflict between the two authoritative figures. It is her leadership style which prevents her from seeing the alternative to treating the issue as a public matter.

On the other hand, Blair gains informal authority from the public and becomes the person that shows compassion and understanding for the death of the people’s princess. He understands that the death of Princess Diana, cannot be fixed nor remedied so the people looked for a leader that could guide them through this difficult time where there are no responses from the Royal family. Thus, he gains the momentary trust of the public in correcting judging the depressed mood of the public.

Therefore, what is critical in understanding the motivation of the film is the acknowledgement that real leadership demands adjustments in values and priorities to deal with threats and accommodate with new realities. In addition, with the crisis at hand, individuals can manipulate the situation to take advantage of the adversity as an opportunity to further their agenda. This is clearly presented through the Prime Minister and his supporters, who utilised the situation to improve the approval ratings for the newly elected Minister. Thus, as the Queen recognises the significance of such flexibility, she compromises for the sake of the people, allowing her to emerge victorious and regain the people’s trust. In what she saw as a personal defeat, the Queen emerges publicly triumphant, securing her reign, her power and the trust of the people in the sovereign.

I’d like to be a queen of people’s hearts… in people’s hearts. But I don’t see myself being queen of this country. I don’t think many people would want me to be queen, actually. When I say “many people”, I mean the establishment that I’m married into. Because they’ve decided that I’m a nonstarter. -Diana

“You wait. In 48 hours, this will all have calmed down.” -Prince Philip

“The two Dianas… the public’s and ours bear no relation to one another at all.” -Prince Charles

“A bunch of freeloading, emotionally retarded nutters.” -Cherie

Do you think any of your predecessors would have dropped everything and gone up to London because of a bunch of hysterics carrying candles neede help with their grief? As for that… silly Mr. Blair with his Cheshire cat grin…-Queen Mother

“Let’s hope he didn’t suffer too much”-The Queen

“That woman has given her whole life in service to her people. 50 years doing a job she never wanted, a job she watched kill her father. She’s executed it with honor, dignity and, as far as I can tell, without a single blemish, and now we’re all baying for her blood. All because she’s struggling to lead the world in mourning for someone who… who threw everything she offered back in her face. And who, for the last few years, seemed committed 24/7 to destroying everything she holds most dear.” -the Prime Minister

“I don’t think I shall ever understand what happened this summer.” -the Queen

Characters often act in a way which defies the initial perception of them. For instance, the means in which Charles described Diana suggest hidden conflict between the Princess and the Royal family, something that the public is not aware of due to the way in which Diana presents herself outside of the Palace. As such, the author positions his audience to view matters shown in the film with a critical eye. Similar to how specific scenes can be interpreted in an imaginative way, the way in which individuals are perceived may not truly encapsulate who they are.

On the other hand, the stoic and indifferent Queen is demonstrated initially to be cold and distant. While her actions reflect partially her distant nature, her protective nature investigated by the director regarding the wellbeing of her grandchildren justifies her wishes for the matter to be dealt with in secret for the sake of privacy. Therefore, the author enables an important to the lives of the Royals, who essentially have as much emotions as the rest of the people, the only difference being they need to suppress the expression of such feelings to remain impartial. Thus, what is discovered from the though provoking film is seeing behind the stiff royal veneer and into the heart of the complex human being that is Queen Elizabeth II.

In addition, the references to the outdated perception of Queen Mother and Prince Philip are also included to reflect the inflexibility in times of change. Their ignorance adds further fuel into the people’s anger and demand for the Royal presence. Thus, the biggest hurdle in which the Queen has to overcome is the strong belief in the perception of the people since her time of coronation, a view solidified constantly by those she is surrounded by, juxtaposed with the true reality of her people’s grief at this very instance.

The Queen’s response to the crisis is depicted as motivated by duty and upbringing rather than by indifference to the feelings of her people. However, it is also important to emphasise that her private feelings on the issue are not known and probably never will be as they are merely fabricated by the director. Therefore, the critical scene where she faces the stag in particular, the emotional appeal of the film is indeed something derived sole from the perception of others.

Essay Question 1:

The Queen (2006) highlights the importance of tradition when faced with difficult circumstances. Do you agree or disagree?

Essay Contention:

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The Queen / Ransom – Comparative Sample Essay

The Queen / Ransom - 2020 Comparative Sample Essay

Insight Sample Essays are high-level sample essays written by experienced teachers, assessors and experts in the analysis of literature, poetry, film and dramatic texts. Each sample essay shows students how to identify and analyse the explicit and implied ideas, values and themes in each text, and the ways in which textual features create meaning.

EACH SAMPLE ESSAY FEATURES

Essay topics designed to conform in style and focus to the 2017-2021 Study Design for VCE English/EAL
Annotations, with assessor comments identifying the elements of the essay that work well, as well as identifying areas for improvement
Tips on how to approach the essay topic, with appropriate strategies for analysis and selection of relevant textual material

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Ransom and The Queen Notes
ransom and queen practise essays.docx
The Queen / Ransom
Student sample comparative -importance of stories
How is the theme of leadership explored in Ransom and The Queen.docx
Quotes ransom and the queen quotes and notes

VIDEO

Queen Elizabeth
A QUEEN'S RANSOM
Queen's Ransom Duo WR 2:58
Queen's Ransom
RANSOM feat TAY ROCK
Kings Ransom Yacht

COMMENTS

Ransom and The Queen: Comparative Essay Topic Breakdown
These ABC components are: Step 1: A nalyse. Step 2: B rainstorm. Step 3: C reate a Plan. The Essay Prompt: 'it is true that the gods made me a king, but they also made me a man, and mortal.'. - Priam (87-88) 'Your Majesty, there's a last minute addition from Downing Street.
PDF Had neither Priam not Queen Elizabeth allowed change, their grip ...
Leadership is ultimately the task of caring for people; as time marches on, and generations change, so too must all leaders. Both David Malouf's lyrical reimagining of a section of the Iliad, Ransom, and Stephen Frear's docudrama, The Queen, give insight to the personal struggles of leaders during crises and times of major change.
PDF David Malouf's 'Ransom' and Stephen Frears 'The Queen' both display the
identity and duty as Queen are torn between tradition and change. This is also prevalent in 'Ransom' as Priam represents a paradoxical interwinning of tradition and change when dealing with the death and recovery of Hector's body. Both texts also contrast the challenges of mourning in the authentic and political realms.
PDF Stephen Frears' film The Queen
Likewise, in Ransom, the people's response of "is the king deserting them?" upon Priam leaving the walls of Troy in a "rigid" manner, "within protocol" examine how the burden of leadership and the need to refrain from responding emotionally impact upon the ways leaders are regarded by their people in times of uncertainty.
Practice Essay on Leadership
Practice Essay on Leadership- 'The actions of leaders are guided by ideas of legacy.' Compare how Ransom and The Queen present this idea. The film 'The Queen' (2006), directed by Stephen Frears, and the novel 'Ransom' (2009), written by David Malouf, both address the issue that the actions of leaders are guided by ideas of legacy.
PDF When inviting change, leaders become aware of humility and are able to
David Malouf's novel Ransom and Stephen Frears' film The Queen present leaders burdened by unprecedented circumstances in which inviting change becomes necessary for effective leadership. Ransom explores how a willingness to invite change results in outcomes that allow positive self-development for leaders. Conversely, The Queen
Ransom & The Queen (Essay No 2)
David Malouf's 'Ransom and Stephen Frears 'The Queen present leaders burdened by unprecedented circumstances, giving insight into their personal struggles, leading to a crucial transition in leadership. In Ransom, characters find common ground with staunch conservative views guiding them to a unanimous understanding.
"Ransom" and "The Queen": a Comparative Exploration
Central to both "Ransom" and "The Queen" is the theme of power - its acquisition, preservation, and the dilemmas it poses. In "Ransom," King Priam undertakes a perilous expedition to Achilles ' camp, driven by the profound need to reclaim his fallen son's body. This journey, spurred by honor and grief, unravels the extent to which leaders are ...
PDF Priam
Leadership is displayed to be both a burden and a privilege in David Malouf's Ransom and Stephen Frears' The Queen. Set amidst "a kingdom ravaged", the former text showcases the challenges and rewards of being a leader as it sheds light upon the prominence of the role in Ancient Greek society.
Comparing Stephen Frears' The Queen and David Malouf's Ransom
Whilst taking place in vastly different contexts, Stephen Frears' film The Queen and David Malouf's novel Ransom find common ground in their examination of the burden of leadership and the process by which those with the most staunch conservative views can be led to a new level of understanding. Both Troy and Great Britain are comprised of ...
Understanding Ransom and The Queen context to achieve A+
I've dropped some sample essay topics below for you to try at home yourselves: 5. Essay Topics for Ransom and The Queen "I told him he shouldn't change a thing." (The Queen) Compare how Ransom and The Queen explore resistance to change.Compare the ways the two texts explore the efficacy of different leadership types.
Ransom & The Queen
In this video, we break down a student submitted essay for Ransom & The Queen. Particularly the themes of fragility of leadership and tips surrounding how to...
PDF the Queen in the film firstly refuses to fulfil public's wish, she
The Queen presents two types of almost controversial leadership through their attitudes towards the Diana's death. Tony Blaire, the newly elected and youngest Prime Minister, symbolises 'modernised' leadership, the rationale behind this type of leadership is the leader needs to promote the most modernised ideology to people.
PDF "Compare how perceptions of leadership are challenged in The Queen and
"Compare how perceptions of leadership are challenged in The Queen and Ransom." INTRODUCTION: The film The Queen opens with a Shakespearean quote: "Uneasy lies the head that wears the crown" and thus opens a filmic exploration of the trials and tribulations surrounding leaders and their reactions to a specific and tumultuous event that is
Ransom and The Queen Essay Topic Breakdown
Purchase LSG's Ransom and The Queen study guide: https://bit.ly/3Rt9jYn🌟 📖 OPEN FOR RESOURCES & TIMESTAMPS! 📖🌟Ransom and The Queen Playlist: https://bit....
Essay Leadership Burden Queen Ransom
Ideas/concepts Examples/evidence from each text (different colour per text): Ransom; The Queen Linking words/phrases Metalanguage. Compare how Ransom and The Queen show leadership to be both a burden and a privilege. The action of guiding a group of people or an organisation could be considered to be "both a blessing and a curse".
Ransom and The Queen essay plan Flashcards
1. in both texts leaders prioritise their own needs over the wish of their spouses - the queen-the queen mother and prince phillip - priam not listening to hecuba and the council members - tony blair contrast to cherie blair 2. malouf and frears examine the burden experienced by leaders in the face of death - achilles- public grief - the queen and priam- private grief 3. stephen frears and ...
The Queen Study Guides & Sample Essays
Film analysis. From the commencement of the film, the black ominous background and the preface indicate the foreshadowing adversity to the crown, or the Imperial family headed by the Queen. As such, this summarises the understanding that the well-respected monarchy lives in constant trepidation as difficulties arise to challenge their authority and leadership.
Comparative Essay SAC Notes
SAC Notes between the Queen and Ransom ransom and the queen ideas. and frears show that there is conflict between being leader and being human being. is burden. ... -Leadership is a burden -To be a good leader sacrifices must be made in order to grow and move forward. ... Sample Boulevard essay 2. English 100% (13) Recommended for you. 4. Unit ...
The Queen / Ransom
Annotations, with assessor comments identifying the elements of the essay that work well, as well as identifying areas for improvement. Tips on how to approach the essay topic, with appropriate strategies for analysis and selection of relevant textual material. ISBN SE-D-20-QUEEN-RANSOM. $ 3.95. Format. Purchase a title in Insight Digital format!
The Queen + Ransom Comparative Essay : r/vce
In David Malouf's Ransom, he outlines how overwhelming emotions can cause leaders to lose sight of their humanity, whilst Stephen Frears' The Queen exhibits how it is a sense of arrogance of a god given power than can fracture the bond with a leaders' supporters. Although they differ in showing how strong the impact of tradition can be ...
Ransom and The Queen Prompts
(The Queen) Compare how Ransom and The Queen explore resistance to change. Compare the ways the two texts explore the efficacy of different leadership types. Compare the ways the two texts explore the importance of storytelling. 'Wordless but not silent.' (Ransom) Ransom and The Queen explore how silence can be louder than words. "Uneasy lies ...