literature review on parking system

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Smart parking: a literature review from the technological perspective.

1. Introduction

2. research methodology, 2.1. plan phase.

• What are smart parking solutions that do not involve algorithms within their implementations?
• What systems or sensors are used to implement smart parking solutions?

2.2. Perform Review Phase

2.3. report results phase, 3. smart parking solutions, 3.1. types of sensors, 3.1.1. camera, 3.1.2. ultrasonic sensors, 3.1.3. cellular sensors, 3.1.4. infrared, 3.1.5. radar sensors, 3.1.6. others, 3.1.7. magnetometers, 3.2. software solutions, 3.2.1. information management, 3.2.2. prediction, 3.2.3. e-parking, 3.3. networking, 3.3.1. sensor network, 3.3.2. user network, 4. discussion, 4.1. types of sensors, 4.2. software solutions, 4.3. networking, 5. sensor selection strategy, 6. conclusions, author contributions, conflicts of interest.

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Barriga, J.J.; Sulca, J.; León, J.L.; Ulloa, A.; Portero, D.; Andrade, R.; Yoo, S.G. Smart Parking: A Literature Review from the Technological Perspective. Appl. Sci. 2019 , 9 , 4569. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9214569

Barriga JJ, Sulca J, León JL, Ulloa A, Portero D, Andrade R, Yoo SG. Smart Parking: A Literature Review from the Technological Perspective. Applied Sciences . 2019; 9(21):4569. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9214569

Barriga, Jhonattan J., Juan Sulca, José Luis León, Alejandro Ulloa, Diego Portero, Roberto Andrade, and Sang Guun Yoo. 2019. "Smart Parking: A Literature Review from the Technological Perspective" Applied Sciences 9, no. 21: 4569. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9214569

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• DOI: 10.17577/IJERTV10IS100061
• Corpus ID: 244604727

Literature Review on Parking System

• Ahmed Shah , Dev Shah , +2 authors Sunil S. Shinde
• Published 18 October 2021
• Engineering
• International journal of engineering research and technology

5 Citations

Car parking needs analysis at campus a, jakarta state university in the construction period, park-space: a parking space indicator, sensor technology for car park management system: nile university of nigeria, iot based solution to wards smart parking system, paradajuan: a web-based parking lot management system designed and developed using multi-paradigm programming languages, 2 references, modelling load retrievals in puzzle-based storage systems, understanding smart and automated parking technology, related papers.

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Information Technology Journal

• Vol 8 (2), 2009

Review Article

Car park system: a review of smart parking system and its technology, how to cite this article, introduction.

Thus far, numerous systems have been implemented online for city wide implementation, university campuses as well as complexes. Among the examples of companies involved in the development of E-parking system are companies such as ParkingCarma (ParkingCarma, n.d.), Click and Park (Click and Park, n.d.) and City and Suburban Parking Ltd., (City and Suburban Parking Ltd., n.d.). As the E-parking systems implemented online can also be considered as E-commerce applications, it has been proposed that the Unified Modeling Language (UML) is employed in modeling the system’s performance. This can be achieved by converting the class diagram and sequence diagram to an execution diagram via an intermediary actor-event graph and combining it with other necessary information pertinent to the system ( Geetha et al ., 2007 ).

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mohamad zulhilmi Reply

it is a very good work. I've read other articles that is publish by you n your friends and i find it interesting, as for me, a transport student. Would you mind to provide me any other of your works that is related to parking management and parking guidance system. I would like to make it as my references.tq

Gordon Laverick Reply

A very interesting and well written document. I am researching a similar area for my MSc. I look forward to further work froim these authors. Gordon.

chinonso henry ikueze Reply

Nice one, very nice. pls how do i get the pdf document of these text, if its available. thank you

kyari umar Reply

thats very interesting work i am researching on similar work like yours

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CHAPTER-2 LITRATURE REVIEW 2.1. AUTOMATED CAR PARKING SYSTEM

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The main objective of this project is to avoid the congestion in the car parking area by implementing a parking management system. Normally at public places such as multiplex theaters, market areas, hospitals, function-halls, offices and shopping malls, one experiences the discomfort in looking out for a vacant parking slot, though it’s a paid facility with an attendant/ security guard. The parking management system is proposed to demonstrate hazel free parking for 32 cars, with 16 slots on each of the two floors. The proposed system uses 32 infrared transmitter-receiver pairs that remotely communicate the status of parking occupancy to the microcontroller system and displays the vacant slots on the display at the entrance of the parking so that the user gets to know the availability /unavailability of parking space prior to his/her entry into the parking place. In this system the users are guided to the vacant slot for parking using Bi-colored LEDs and the ultrasonic sensors enable the drivers to park the vehicle safely. The parking charges are automatically deducted from the user’s account using RFID technology. From security point of view a daily log-book of entry/exit along with the vehicle details is also registered in the computer’s memory.Implementation of concept of green communication and exception handling facility make the system concept unique and innovative.

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Car parking is essential to car-based travel, with cars stationary 95 per cent of the time. Occupying at least 12 square metres but as much as 35 square metres per space, parking can account for significant portions of urban land. Car parking policy is relevant to many issues in Australian transport and urban planning– concerns about urban intensification; housing affordability; the liveability of dense urban areas; traffic and congestion; and the sustainability of cities. Parking policy influences transport, housing, and urban design but is sometimes overlooked in debates about cities and their future: it is “expected but unnoticed” (Ben-Joseph 2012). Car parking is an important part of Melbourne’s transport and planning challenge. Conventional car parking policies have long shaped the city’s urban form and transport patterns. A legacy of 20th century approaches to parking policy mean the real cost of parking is rarely paid for upfront, nor is the actual use of or demand for car parking space often monitored. As a result, a growing body of research indicates that car parking is oversupplied and is neither priced nor used efficiently. Demographic changes, car sharing, ride sharing and automated vehicle technologies mean uncertainty over future demand for parking and how best to manage it. Newer approaches to parking policy and to the use or re-use of parking space including for public open space in cities worldwide are the subject of enthusiasm, but also of concerns that change may disadvantage or disrupt communities. An evidence base can help inform public discussion about the trade-offs. This discussion paper acknowledges however that car parking is characterised both by strong beliefs, and by gaps in this evidence base. The City of Melbourne is in a unique position to reflect on parking policies, and consider the advantages and disadvantages of further change. The City has introduced progressive changes to both on-street and off-street parking policies since as early as the 1970s. Unlike most of metropolitan Melbourne, and most Australian cities, parts of the City of Melbourne have maximum rather than minimum requirements for off-street parking. Much of its on-street parking is managed by pricing and timing mechanisms – underscoring more efficient management and use of parking space. The City has a comparatively large population of households without cars; and of trips by non-car modes. City of Melbourne transport policies have long encouraged sustainable and efficient transport modes. While much of the City’s accessible urban form and infrastructure dates to a period of development before cars and car parking, other characteristics of the municipality have been shaped by its car parking policies. The City of Melbourne also has the advantage of extensive parking data, which (although not comprehensive) are in advance of most other areas and give a better evidence base for parking policy decisions than is typically the case worldwide. At the same time, the City of Melbourne has a comparatively high dependence on parking revenue as a revenue source, both from fees and from infringements. Like many cities, the City of Melbourne seeks to balance potentially competing goals with its parking policies: generating revenue, managing car traffic, placing a value on the use of public space, and keeping the city accessible and attractive to visitors. Its policies vary across different parts of the municipality, and are not underpinned by a comprehensive parking plan. This discussion paper summarises parking concepts, academic research on parking, experiences and ideas from other cities, and data on parking in the City of Melbourne. It contains the following: This discussion paper summarises parking concepts, academic research on parking, experiences and ideas from other cities, and data on parking in the City of Melbourne. It contains the following: • A glossary / explainers of some common parking concepts and terms; • A review of the evidence base around parking in academic literature and in the City of Melbourne specifically: its extent and use; and its role in traffic, housing, and retailing. • A summary of car parking policies and their influence: how parking is typically managed, examples of parking policy and practices worldwide, and how City of Melbourne policies fit in these contexts; • Summary of parking policy recommendations, ideas and challenges for the City of Melbourne.

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