sheela finished her homework present perfect

Present Perfect Tense: How To Use It Correctly (With Examples)

The present perfect is a commonly used tense, but can cause a great deal of confusion for learners of English! In this guide, we will look at the correct way to use the present perfect tense, provide examples and go over some common mistakes to avoid. Don’t forget to check out the quiz exercises at the end to test your understanding.

sheela finished her homework present perfect

The present perfect deals with past actions that are related to the present moment (and may be ongoing). Despite the term ‘present’, we actually use this tense for actions that happened or started in the past . For example, I have lived in London for 5 years .

In American English, the past simple is often used instead of the present perfect ( Did you eat breakfast already? ). However, in British English, these tenses are not so readily interchangeable ( Have you eaten breakfast yet? ).

We form the present perfect like this: subject + has/have + past participle (of the verb) – e.g. John has done his homework .

When do we use the Present Perfect Tense?

1. ongoing, unfinished action.

The present perfect can be used to describe an action that has already started (or started recently), and that is yet to be completed. This usage is often combined with the negative form of the verb.

Steve has begun work on his new house renovation, but it’s nowhere near finished. Steve hasn’t decided what colour to paint the house. Steve hasn’t even installed the new windows.

2. Action at an unspecified time before now

We can use the present perfect to talk about an action that has happened in the past, but without being exact about when it happened.

No one has ever climbed this great mountain! No one has even dared to think about how they might climb it. Jack has attempted to climb many mountains, but won’t tackle this one.

3. Things that change over time

Another use of the present perfect is to describe how things have changed over time.

Sarah’s kids have grown up a lot over the past few years. They have changed their taste in food, clothes and music. However, they haven’t started helping with the housework !

4. Something expected but yet to happen

We can also use the present perfect for events we expect to happen in the future, but that have not happened to date. In this situation, we use the negative and often the word ‘yet’.

Julia hasn’t started her dissertation yet. She hasn’t discussed the topic of her dissertation with the tutor either. Julia hasn’t even bought the laptop she will need to write it on!

5. Accomplishments

A common use of the present perfect is to talk about accomplishments: things that you have achieved in the past (but that are still relevant to the present moment).

My football team has won every match of the season so far. The team hasn’t conceded more than one goal in any match. Our star player has scored in every game.

6. Experiences

The present perfect can be used to talk about general experiences that have happened in the past. This is similar to ‘accomplishments’ above, but experiences can also be negative.

My uncle has sailed all over the world on luxury cruise liners. He has been the captain of many ships. He has had to navigate through some big storms!

7. Many actions over different times

We can also use the present perfect tense to talk about many instances of an event or action, or many actions that happen over different times in the past.

Susan has had health problems all her life. Susan has tried to see different specialists to get the right treatment. Every time Susan has recovered , she has relapsed again.

How do we form the Present Perfect?

There can be affirmative (positive), negative, and questioning functions for all of the above uses of the present perfect tense.

To form the present perfect in the affirmative (positive) function, place the present tense form of ‘to have’ after the subject, then use the main verb in the past participle form.

E.g. I have seen it all.

The present tense form of ‘to have’ is ‘have’ for the 1 st and 2 nd person singular and plural, and the 3 rd person plural. But, remember that it is ‘has’ for the 3 rd person singular!

For regular verbs, the perfect (past participle) form is created by adding -ed to the end of the word. However, irregular verbs have different endings: e.g. see – seen.

How to conjugate verbs in the present perfect tense in the affirmative:


1 person singular	I have played	I have made	I have seen
2 person singular	You have played	You have made	You have seen
3 person singular	He/she/it has played	He/she/it has made	He/she/it has seen
1 person plural	We have played	We have made	We have seen
2 person plural	You have played	You have made	You have seen
3 person plural	They have played	They have made	They have seen

To form the negative function of the present perfect tense, place ‘not’ after ‘to have’. E.g. Margo has not passed any of her university exams this semester.

How to conjugate verbs in the present perfect tense in the negative:


1 person singular	I have not played	I have not made	I have not seen
2 person singular	You have not played	You have not made	You have not seen
3 person singular	He/she/it has not played	He/she/it has not made	He/she/it has not seen
1 person plural	We have not played	We have not made	We have not seen
2 person plural	You have not played	You have not made	You have not seen
3 person plural	They have not played	They have not made	They have not seen

To form the interrogative (questioning) function of the present perfect, simply place ‘to have’ before the subject.

Fact: Li has made plans for dinner tonight. Question: Has Li made plans for dinner tonight?

How to conjugate verbs in the present perfect tense in the interrogative:


1 person singular	Have I played	Have I made	Have I seen
2 person singular	Have you played	Have you made	Have you seen
3 person singular	Has he/she/it played	Has he/she/it made	Has he/she/it seen
1 person plural	Have we played	Have we made	Have we seen
2 person plural	Have you played	Have you made	Have you seen
3 person plural	Have you played	Have they made	Have they seen

Common mistakes with the Present Perfect (and how to avoid them!)

1. using the present perfect with specific time expressions.

The present perfect can be used with words that describe duration or an approximate time period (already/now, before, ever, yet, never etc.). However, using this tense with words that specify exactly when something happened (last year, 2 days ago, in 1979, at 9am etc.) often leads to errors.

This is because the present perfect tense is not normally used with words that express a specific time of completion. One notable exception is with the word ‘since’ – e.g. The company has received 100 calls since 9am on Monday (specific time).

The company has received a call from Mr Jackson on Monday . ( incorrect ) The company received a call from Mr Jackson on Monday . ( correct )

Haven’t we met at the conference last week ? ( incorrect ) Didn’t we meet at the conference last week ? ( correct )

In most cases, it is better to use the past simple when an action was completed at a specific point in the past.

2. Describing an event that happens before something else

The present perfect tense cannot be used when we are comparing two past events in a sequence. It this situation, it is better to use the past perfect tense.

When I arrived home, my wife has already eaten dinner. ( incorrect ) When I arrived home, my wife had already eaten dinner. ( correct )

3. Confusing since vs. for when using the present perfect

The word ‘since’ is usually used in perfect tenses in English, but ‘for’ is used with all tenses. Remember that we use ‘for’ when talking about a duration or period of time. We use ‘since’ when talking about a specific point in the past.

I have worked as an architect since most of my life. ( incorrect ) I have worked as an architect for most of my life. ( correct )

This error is more connected with understanding the difference between for/since than with the present perfect tense itself, but it is still worth noting.

Present Perfect Tense: Quiz Exercises

The moon _____ orbiting the Earth for millions of years. A. Has been B. Is C. Had been D. Is been
Shelly _____ home and moved to the city. A. Has left B. Had left. C. Left D. Has leaved
Is this sentence grammatically correct? ‘Before I left, I have finished all my homework.’ A. Yes B. No
You ______ very well to the growth of this project over the last year. A. Have been contributed B. Contribute C. Have contributed D. Were contributed
My favourite band _____ touring already, so I missed the chance to ____ them. A. Has finished, had seen B. finished, had seen C. Had finished, Have seen D. Had finished, see
I _______ it too late to buy tickets for that flight. It’s fully booked now! A. Have been left B. Had left C. Am left D. Have left
If you _____ any questions, please speak up! A. Have had B. Had C. Have D. Don’t have
Can the present perfect describe events that we expect to happen in the future? A. Yes B. No
I ______ just _______ work, so let’s meet for a drink! A. Had finished B. Am finished C. Have finished D. Have finish
_____ you ever ____ on a roller coaster before? A. Do, Been B. Have, Been C. Have, Go D. Have, Ride

Cameron Rose is a British English teacher and writer. He holds a BA hons degree in Linguistics from University College London, and is fully TEFL certified. After falling in love with languages at a young age, he started his English teaching career in China. He later returned to the UK and became an online English tutor with OTUK. He has a keen interest in grammar and loves to dig into the structures of English. In his spare time, Cameron enjoys meditating and creating Chinese rap music.

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Difference Between: Just vs. Only

Just (d ʒʌ s) and only (o ʊ nli) are adverbs (words that change the meaning of a word or phrase). We can use just and only interchangeably when they mean ‘not more than or a small quantity of something’ – e.g. I just have 2 meals a day or I only have 2 meals a day . However, there are some situations where we have to use one word and not the other. Let’s take a look!

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Present perfect.

The present perfect is a common verb tense in English. It can be used in many ways. It is formed like this:

I have gone to Mexico.

She has not gone to Mexico.

Here are some examples:

I have eaten dinner.
You have taken the test.
He has finished his homework.
We have seen the movie.
They have driven a car.

For negative sentences, just add “not”, like in these examples:

I have not eaten dinner.
He has not finished his homework.

Contractions :

Have + Not = haven’t

Has + Not = hasn’t

I haven’t eaten Spanish food.
She hasn’t finished her homework.

Present Perfect Questions

To ask questions in the present perfect, start with “Have” or “Has”.

Have you gone to France?

Has she gone to France?

Yes, I have. Yes, she has.

No, I haven’t. No, he hasn’t.

Examples:

Have you visited Paris? No, I have not.
Has she flown in an airplane? Yes, she has.
Have they worked in an office? Yes, they have.

Present Perfect Uses

The present perfect has 2 main uses:

Actions in the past with no specific time
Actions in the past that continue into the present

No Specific Time

Present perfect is for actions in the past with no time. This could be for a number of reasons:

Time is unknown
Time is not important
The action has happened many times

Let’s think about a few examples.

He has found his keys.
I have gone to New York City 3 times.
I have not finished my project.
We have seen that movie many times.

In this example, it is not important when he found his keys. We only care he found them.

This example shows an action that has happened many times. Because the present perfect has no specific time, it is not used with time phrases. These examples are incorrect .

I have eaten lunch yesterday .
She has taken an English class last year .

In a situation with a specific time, use the simple past . For example:

I ate lunch yesterday.
She took an English class last year.

Actions that Continue to the Present

Some actions start in the past, but they continue in the present. This is shown with the present perfect.

I have lived in Paris for 3 years.

(I live in Paris now.)

She has worked as a teacher since 2003.

(She started to teach in 2003. She is a teacher now.)

I have been a student at this school for 2 years.

(I am still a student.)

Present Perfect Key Words

There are some key words used with the present perfect that include the following:

For is used for periods of time. Some examples of time are years, days, or hours.

I have been a teacher for 4 years.
Karen has lived in Toronto for 8 years.
They have been here for 2 hours.

Since is used for specific dates.

I have been a teacher since
Karen has lived in Toronto since
They have been here since 5:00 pm.

Watch how for and since are similar but different.

I have been a teacher since 2004. I have been a teacher for 9 years.
He has not eaten since 3 pm. He has not eaten in 6 hours.

To practice the difference between for and since , use this test:

For and Since Test

“Yet” is for negative sentences and questions. It always goes at the end of the sentence. Here are some examples:

Negative Sentences

I have not eaten dinner yet .
She has not seen that movie yet .
They have not arrived yet .

Questions

Have you eaten dinner yet ?
Has he seen that movie yet ?
Has Tina arrived yet ?

“Already” is for affirmative sentences. It can go at the end of a sentence:

I have eaten dinner already .
She has taken the test already .
Dan and Jen have had breakfast already .

It also goes between the auxiliary and the main verb:

I have already eaten dinner.
She has already taken the test.
Dan and Jen have already had breakfast.

Here are some more examples:

She has already
He has left already .
Jake and Fred have already finished their work.

Still is for negative sentences. It goes before the auxiliary verb. Here are some examples:

I still have not eaten dinner.
She still has not arrived.
Chris still hasn’t woken up.

To practice the difference between already , still , and yet , try this test:

Already, Still, Yet Test

Present Perfect Mistakes

Watch out for these common mistakes when you are using the present perfect.

Not using the proper form of the verb

I have went to the park.
She has ate dinner.

Present perfect always uses a past participle.

I have gone to the park.
She has eaten dinner.

Also, watch out for mistakes with irregular verbs.

I have boughten a jacket. (bought)
She has flied in an airplane. (flown)

Using the present perfect with a specific time

I have visited Toronto last year.
Yuri has watched the movie yesterday.

Remember: Present perfect never uses a specific time. That is simple past .

Not using ever and never properly

Did you ever see that movie?
I have ever heard that song.
Have you never gone to California?

If you would like to practice more with the present perfect, you can also try the free tests at learnEnglish-online :

Present Perfect Test Present Perfect Test 2 Present Perfect Test 3 Present Perfect Test 4

Present perfect vs. simple past test present perfect vs. simple past test 2, for and since test still, already, yet test, present perfect listening exercise, (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});, more grammar lessons and tests.

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Modal Verbs
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Rather and Prefer
Subject Verb Agreement
Verb Tenses

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What is Present Perfect Tense: How to Use It

Published by

Olivia Drake

The present perfect tense is a fascinating aspect of grammar that often leaves learners perplexed. This versatile verb tense serves to bridge the gap between the past and the present, highlighting a connection that may not be immediately apparent. In this article, you will explore the intricacies of the present perfect tense, its primary uses, and some helpful examples to enhance your understanding.

On this page:

Present Perfect: Definition and Usage

The present perfect is an essential aspect of English grammar that deals with verb tense. You can use the present perfect to describe actions or events that have occurred at an unspecified time in the past.

In the English language, the present perfect is a tense that highlights the present consequences of past actions. This powerful tense helps you demonstrate how your previous experiences or actions play a role in your current situation. The key to using present perfect is to focus on the present consequences of past events. You use ‘has’ or ‘have’ with a past participle to build the present perfect structure. For example:

You have studied three foreign languages.
She has traveled to five continents.

In these sentences, the emphasis is on what you and she have achieved as a result of past actions. These achievements are relevant to your present situation.

When you want to express an ongoing activity that began in the past and still happening in the present, use the present perfect to convey this connection:

They have lived in this city for ten years.
I have been a teacher since 2015.

In these cases, the present perfect shows that these events have ongoing relevance to the present .

It’s important to note that present perfect is used when the exact time of the past action is not specified. If you mention a specific time, use simple past instead:

You have met the CEO before. (No specific time mentioned)
You met the CEO last week. (Specific time mentioned)

Keep in mind that there’s a clear difference between present perfect and simple past , so choose the appropriate tense carefully:

Present Perfect : You have finished your assignment. (The action is completed, but the highlight is on a result that is relevant to the present situation)
Simple past : You finished your assignment. (The action happened in the past, focusing on the time when it was finished)

Forming Present Perfect

Auxiliary verbs.

In forming the present perfect tense, you need to use the auxiliary verb “have” or “has” with the past participle of the main verb. The choice between “have” and “has” depends on the subject of the sentence. Use “have” with plural subjects, “I,” and “you,” while use “has” with singular subjects, “he,” “she,” and “it.”

I have eaten breakfast.
You have finished your work.
She has left the building.

You can also use contractions for a more informal tone. The contractions are formed by combining the auxiliary verb with the subject:

I’ve (I have)
You’ve (You have)
He’s (He has)
She’s (She has)

Past Participles

The past participle is the third form of the verb, and it’s used with the auxiliary verb to create the present perfect tense. There are two types of verbs to consider when forming past participles: regular and irregular.

Regular verbs : To form the past participle of regular verbs, add “-ed” to the base form of the verb. Here are some examples:

Base Verb	Past Participle
work	worked
finish	finished
clean	cleaned

Irregular verbs : Irregular verbs have unique past participle forms that you need to memorize. Here are some examples:

Base Verb	Past Participle
eat	eaten
go	gone
sing	sung

Remember to use the auxiliary verb with the past participle when forming the present perfect tense. For example:

You have worked hard.
He has gone to the store.
They have sung a beautiful song.

By combining the correct auxiliary verb and past participle, you can successfully form the present perfect tense in your sentences.

Read how to form Present Perfect Negative Sentences with Examples ->

Questions in Present Perfect

To form questions in the present perfect, use “have” or “has” followed by the subject and the past participle of the main verb. For example:

Have you been to Italy?
Has she finished her coursework?

Remember to use the contractions “haven’t” and “hasn’t” when asking about negative actions or situations:

Haven’t you eaten yet?
Hasn’t he seen the movie yet?

In the context of questions, the words “ever” and “yet” are often used with the present perfect:

Have you ever traveled abroad?
Has he met her yet ?

Click here to read more about forming questions in present perfect

Adverbs and Present Perfect

In the Present Perfect tense, you often use adverbs to enhance the meaning of your sentence. These adverbs can provide information about how an action has occurred, its frequency, duration, or the state of the subject.

Just : When you want to express that something has happened very recently or a short time ago, use “just” in conjunction with the present perfect.

For example , “I’ve just finished my homework.”

For : Use “for” to specify the duration of an action, linking the time spent to the subject and verb.

For example: “She has lived here for 3 years.”

Since : “Since” indicates the starting point of an action or event, giving reference to a specific point in time.

For example: “We have been friends since elementary school.”

Recently : “Recently” means something has occurred in the not-so-distant past. Use it to convey that a completed action is still somewhat fresh.

For example: “He has recently changed jobs.”

How long : To ask about the duration of an ongoing action, use the question form “how long”. This often goes with “have” or “has.”

For example: “How long have you been studying English?”

Still: This is an adverb that indicates that an action or process that began in the past is continuing at the present time. In the present perfect tense, you can use “still” to emphasize that an ongoing or incomplete action has not yet finished.

For example: “You still haven’t finished your homework.”

Adverb	Position in Sentence	Example
already	Between auxiliary verb and main verb	You have finished your assignment.
just	Between auxiliary verb and main verb	She has arrived home.
yet	At the end of the sentence	They haven’t responded .
for, since	At the end of the sentence	We have known each other 10 years.

Comparing Present Perfect with Other Tenses

Present perfect vs past simple.

When comparing the Present Perfect tense with the Past Simple tense, it’s essential to understand their distinct functions. The Present Perfect describes an action that happened at an unspecified time before now or an action that started in the past and continues to the present. In contrast, the Past Simple portrays an event that occurred at a specific time in the past.

For example:

Present Perfect: You have visited Paris. (It happened at an unspecified time before now)
Past Simple: You visited Paris last year. (It happened at a specific time in the past)

Click here to read more about difference between present perfect and past simple

Present Perfect vs Present Tense

The Present Perfect tense differs from the Present Tense in that it connects the past and present. The Present Perfect discourse an action that occurred in the past and has implications in the present, while the Present Tense focuses exclusively on actions happening now.

For instance:

Present Perfect: You have learned English. (The learning process happened in the past and has an impact on your current abilities)
Present Tense: You learn English. (Refers only to the action happening now)

Present Perfect vs Future

The key difference between Present Perfect and Future tenses is their time frames. Present Perfect concerns actions completed before now or actions initiated in the past and persisting into the present, while Future tense refers to actions or events projected to happen later.

As an illustration:

Present Perfect: You have finished your work. (It’s a completed action before now)
Future: You will finish your work by tomorrow. (The action is expected to happen in the future)

Present Perfect vs Present Perfect Continuous

The Present Perfect Continuous tense , on the other hand, focuses on the duration or experience of actions that began in the past and continue up until now. This tense emphasizes the ongoing nature of an action, and it’s particularly useful for cases where the action is still in progress or has been happening intermittently. For example:

You have been working on this project since last month.
They have been playing tennis every weekend this summer.

With action verbs, using Present Perfect Continuous highlights the ongoing process:

You have been learning Italian for two years.

Present Perfect in Passive Voice

When using the present perfect in passive voice , you focus on the action, not who performed it. The structure is simple: has/have + been + past participle.

For example, instead of saying “She has finished the project,” you would say, “ The project has been finished .” In this case, the emphasis is on the completion of the project.

Here are some examples of how to convert active to passive voice in present perfect:

Active Voice	Passive Voice
They have cooked dinner.	Dinner .
You have written the report.	The report .
We have cleaned the room	The room .

When to Use Present Perfect Passive

1. When the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant : If you don’t know who completed the action, or it simply doesn’t matter, use passive voice.

The cake has been eaten . (It doesn’t matter who ate it)

2. When emphasizing the result : If you want to focus on the outcome rather than who did it, use the passive voice.

The grass has been mowed . (It emphasizes that the lawn now looks nice)

Remember, the present perfect passive is used to describe:

A past event that has a connection to the present.
An action that is ongoing or just finished.

Try to use the present perfect in passive voice confidently and with a clear understanding of its purpose. It helps provide a more neutral tone and emphasizes the action rather than the person or people doing it.

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Present Perfect Tense

Forming present perfect.

	Subject + have / has + verb3 + complement She has found her book.
	Subject + haven't / hasn't + verb3 + complement She hasn't found her book.
	Have / Has + subject + verb3 + complement ? Has she found her book?
	Haven't / Hasn't + subject + verb3 + complement ? Hasn't she found her book?

Use of Present Perfect

Since and for, present perfect with just / yet / already, gone vs been.

GrammarBank Video Exercises

Present Perfect Tense Worksheets and Exercises with Answers

20 Sentences using Present Perfect Tense Worksheets. how to use Present Perfect Tense in Sentences.

The present perfect tense worksheets and exercises is a great resource for both teachers and students who want to get better at English grammar. This special tense connects the past and the present, and sometimes it can be tricky to understand. But with a present perfect tense worksheets , learning becomes much easier and more fun.

In these worksheets, you will find different types of exercises like filling in the blanks or changing sentences. These activities help to show all the ways you can use the present perfect tense. Learners get to practice what they know and see how this tense works in real sentences.

What’s great about a present perfect tense worksheet is that it also gives clear examples and explanations. This makes sure that everyone can understand and use this tense correctly. So, whether you are in a classroom or learning on your own, this worksheet is a helpful tool for improving your English skills.

Table of Contents

Present Perfect Tense Worksheets

Present perfect tense worksheet 1.

Fill in the blanks with the Present Perfect verb form.

She _______ Paris several times.
They _______ sushi before.
He _______ his homework.
I _______ in this city for ten years.
We _______ that book already.
Mary _______ to many countries in Europe.
John _______ to the new museum yet.
How long _______ you English?
She _______ that movie before.
By the time we arrived, the party _______ already.
I _______ to a concert before.
They _______ from their trip.
He _______ his project successfully.
She _______ dinner for the whole family.
We _______ the Grand Canyon.
The movie _______ already.
They _______ their work yet.
I _______ rock climbing.
She _______ several awards for her performances.
They _______ around the world.

20 sentences using present perfect tense Worksheet

Present Perfect Tense Worksheet 2

Choose the Correct option

1. She __________ her homework already.

a) did b) does c) has done d) do

2. They __________ to Paris last summer.

a) will go b) has gone c) have gone d) went

3. He __________ a new job recently.

a) get b) gets c) got d) has got

4. We __________ that movie before.

a) watched b) watch c) has watched d) have watched

5. By the time I arrived, they __________.

a) left b) leaves c) leaving d) has left

6. I __________ my keys.

a) lost b) lose c) has lost d) have lost

7. She __________ in this city for five years.

a) live b) living c) lived d) has lived

8. They __________ the book yet.

a) didn’t read b) doesn’t read c) hasn’t read d) don’t read

9. He __________ his breakfast already.

a) ate b) eats c) has eaten d) eat

10. I __________ that restaurant before.

a) visit b) visiting c) visited d) has visited

Present Perfect Tense Worksheets and Exercises. 15+ Mcqs using Present Perfect Tense Worksheets

Present Perfect Tense Worksheet 3

Rewrite Sentences in negative and interrogative form.

She has not visited Paris several times.
Has she visited Paris several times?
They have never eaten sushi before.
Have they never eaten sushi?
He has not just finished his homework.
Has he just finished his homework?
I have not lived in this city for ten years.
Have I lived in this city for ten years?
We have not read that book already.
Have we read that book already?

5+ Sentences of Negative and Interrogative form of present perfect tense. How to make negative and interrogative of present perfect tense. Present Perfect Tense Worksheets and Exercises

Present Indefinite Tense Worksheets and Exercises

Irregular Verbs in English with Examples

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She _______ her homework.

A. finished

B. finishes

C. has finished

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The above phrase is the expression of?

A. asking for suggestion

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C. am getting

D. I am getting

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A simple grammar

Understanding the present perfect in English

The present perfect is not always easy to understand and use but don't worry, this lesson will make it clear.

We make a present perfect tense by taking the present of the verb have and the past participle (the third part) of the main verb. It looks like this:

Subject	The verb	The past participle	The rest of the sentence

To make the negative sentences, we put not or n't after the verb have , like this:

Subject	The verb	NOT	The past participle	The rest of the sentence
		or

To make questions, we just change the first two words around, like this:

The verb	Subject	The past participle	The rest of the sentence

You can see that only the verb have changes

It is has for he, she and it
but have for I, you, we and they .

: Now to make sure you understand this.

You can try the tests again if you like! Making the tense is the easy part.

There are two things to remember:

The present perfect is a present tense. It is used to talk about NOW.
The present perfect is a relative or relational tense. That means it connects two times together: the past and the present. Like this:

The present perfect is used for past events which change the present. Like this:

Here's another way to see the same effect:

To understand this, look at these pictures and read the sentences carefully.

YESTERDAY	NOW

John telephoned Mary	and they are talking

When you think you have understood why we say Mary HAS ARRIVED and not just Mary arrived , click here .

Yesterday is finished and the telephone conversation is not important now. BUT: The fact that Mary has arrived makes it POSSIBLE for John to talk to her. Mary's arrival CHANGED THE PRESENT so we use the present perfect. We put the past inside the present to show that the present is changed.

Here's another way to look at this. Jane wants to have a video conversation with Mary so she telephoned yesterday to arrange a time. Now watch:

Your browser does not support the video tag.

The important thing to notice is that we say Mary has answered because that has changed the present: NOW Mary and Jane can talk because Jane has answered.

Here is another way to see how the past and present mix to make a present perfect.

Most languages do not make a difference between the past which is finished and the past which changes the present. English does:

We use the past simple to talk about finished things in the past. For example: I went to London yesterday She spoke to her boss last week We had lunch in the garden last summer and so on. All these actions are finished.
We use the present perfect when we want to say that the present is different because of something in the past. For example: I have learned English So, NOW I can talk to my American friends She has arrived So, NOW we can start the meeting I have lived here all my life So, NOW I can tell you about this place All these past actions change the present.

: language
Now translate these sentences into your language and try to see if your language makes a difference between the past and the past inside the present.
We can't give you the right answers here!

I have seen that film
I saw that film
Has she arrived?
Did she arrive?
Have you been to America?
Did you go to America?
They haven't talked to her
They didn't talk to her

The present perfect is a present tense and we use time expressions which show that. Look at these:

I saw John yesterday Yesterday is finished and does not change NOW so we say I saw John , not I have seen John .
I have seen John this morning This morning is not finished so this can change NOW so we say I have seen John .
I went to America last year Last year is finished
I have been to America So I can talk to you about America NOW.
She lost her keys Tell us that something happened in the past
She has lost her keys Tells us that something in the present is changing: perhaps she can't use her car or get into her house NOW.
I have already finished So NOW I can do something else
I finished it last week So you know what happened and that is all.
Has Mary arrived yet? Yet means up to now so I am talking about the present
Did Mary arrive? means that I want to know what happened in the past not the present.

: .

Here are the test sentences with the right answers and some help for you:

I have talked to Mary today Because today is not finished, my talking to Mary can change the present.
They left last year Because last year is finished, the correct tense is past simple: the action is finished and does not change the present.
Did she see the film last week ? I am asking a question about what happened in the past. I am not interested in the present.
We have started the meeting and it is happening now so don't interrupt! Starting the meeting has changed the present.
I haven't repaired it s o you can't use it now Because it is still broken, you can't use it so the present is changed by me not repairing it.

If you got some wrong, try the test again.

This is the end. Thank you for doing the lesson!

English Grammar
English Tenses
Present Tense
Present Perfect Tense

Present Perfect Tense - Meaning, Definition, Formula, Structure and Uses with Examples

The present perfect tense is indeed simple and easy if you try to understand and use it the right way. It seems to be confusing to some though the tense has a very simple structure. However, anything can be learnt, and so this article on present perfect tense is here to help your learning process. In this article, the meaning, definition, formula, structure and uses will be explained along with examples to help you understand better.

Definition of the present perfect tense, structure and formula of the present perfect tense.

Rules to Be Followed When Using the Present Perfect Tense

Uses of the Present Perfect Tense

Examples of the present perfect tense, check your understanding of the present perfect tense, frequently asked questions on the present perfect tense, what is the present perfect tense.

The present perfect tense is employed in a sentence to represent an action that just happened in the recent past and still has its effect in the present or an action that represents an indefinite time in the past. To have a clearer idea of the tense, let us look at how different dictionaries define the tense.

The Oxford Learner’s Dictionary defines the present perfect tense as “the form of a verb that expresses an action done in a time period up to the present, formed in English with the present tense of ‘have’ and the ‘past participle’ of the verb, as in I have eaten .” According to the Cambridge Dictionary, the present perfect tense is defined as “the form of the verb used for actions or events that have been completed or have happened in a period of time up to now.”

A much more elaborate definition is given by the Collins Dictionary and according to it, “the present perfect tenses of a verb are the ones used to talk about things which happened before the time you are speaking or writing but are relevant to the present situation, or things that began in the past and are still happening.” The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines the present perfect tense as one “relating to, or constituting a verb tense that is traditionally formed in English with have and a past participle and that expresses an action or state begun in the past and completed at the time of speaking (as in “I have finished”) or continuing in the present (as in “We have lived here for several years”).

The general formula of the present perfect tense is as described below:

Subject + + the rest of the sentence

The structure of the present perfect tense can be analysed with reference to positive, negative, interrogative and negative interrogative types of sentences. Have a look at the table given below for a closer look at the same.



Subject + + the rest of the sentence	Subject + + the rest of the sentence	subject + + the rest of the sentence	subject + + the rest of the sentence (or) subject + the rest of the sentence
Examples: my work. your work. his work. her work. their work.	Examples: my work. your work. his work. her work. their work.	Examples: I my work? you your work? he his work? she her work? they their work?	Examples: I my work? you your work? he his work? she her work? they their work? you your work? she her work? he his work? they their work?

Rules to be Followed When Using the Present Perfect Tense

The very first thing that you will have to learn before you start using present perfect tense is how past participles are formed. In the English language , a past participle is formed by adding an ‘ed’ to the base form of the verb in most cases. However, there are a number of irregular verbs that have different spellings and do not, in any way, follow the concept of adding ‘ed’ to the base form like regular verbs . You can take a look at the extensive list of irregular verbs to analyse how these verbs are in their past participle form.

The next point to remember is that a sentence with the past perfect form of the verb uses two verbs – a helping verb and a main verb . ‘Have’ and ‘has’ are the two helping verbs that are used. ‘Have’ is used when the pronouns ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘they’ or plural nouns act as the subject in a sentence. ‘Has’ is used when the pronouns ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’ or singular nouns act as the subject.

The present perfect tense can be used

To denote an action or event that happened or started in the past and still has its impact or some connection to the subject in the present.
To indicate an action that happened in the past and continues to occur in the present.
To connect the events of the present to the events that happened in the past.

Learn how to use the present perfect tense effectively by going through the examples given below.



I	I as a teacher for two years.
You	You as a teacher for two years.
We	We as teachers for two years.
He	He as a teacher for two years.
She	She as a teacher for two years.
They	They as teachers for two years.
It	It here the whole time.
Singular noun	Michael as a teacher for two years.
Plural noun	Devika and Priscilla as teachers for two years.

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the present perfect tense in the following sentences:

1. We ___________ (find – negative) it yet.

2. Venu and Parvati ____________ (invited) all their friends for today’s party.

3. Shashi _________ (sleep – negative) all night.

4. ________ he _________ (finish) his work?

5. It ___________ (be – negative) the same ever since you left.

6. They __________ (buy) a 2BHK flat.

7. You ___________ (come) to the right place.

8. _______ you ever ________ (be) to Malaysia?

9. Do you know why she __________ (like – negative) it?

10. ________ you _________ (hear) about the new education policies?

Check if you have used the right form of the tense from the following sentences.

1. We have not found it yet.

2. Venu and Parvati have invited all their friends for today’s party.

3. Shashi has not slept all night.

4. Has he finished his work?

5. It has not been the same ever since you left.

6. They have bought a 2BHK flat.

7. You have come to the right place.

8. Have you ever been to Malaysia?

9. Do you know why she has not liked it?

10. Have you heard about the new education policies?

What is the present perfect tense?

What is the definition of the present perfect tense?

What is the formula of the present perfect tense.

The general formula of the present perfect tense is as described below: Subject + have/has + past participle + the rest of the sentence

What are the rules to be followed when using the present perfect tense?

The point that you should keep in mind when using the present perfect tense is that it has two verbs – a helping verb and a main verb. ‘Have’ and ‘has’ are the two helping verbs that are used. This is followed by the main verb which appears in its past participle form.

Give some examples of the present perfect tense form.

Given below are a few examples of sentences using the present perfect form of the verb.

Veena has not reached home yet.
All the children have finished their assignments.
Rinita has eaten all the mangoes.
I have not watched the movie yet.
Has she still not gone to the hospital?

What are the uses of the present perfect tense?

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ESL Present Perfect Worksheets

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The present perfect isn't a verb tense unique to English, but it can still be complicated for beginning ESL students to master. Though French, Italian, German, and Spanish use the present perfect to address past events, in English, the present perfect connects a past moment to the present moment in time. The present perfect is often used either to reference life experiences, to invoke recent past events that have influenced the present moment or to reference a span of time that began in the past and extends into the present.

The present perfect is one of the most difficult tenses to teach and to learn. Below is a quick review of the present perfect, followed by two worksheets designed to help ESL students practice their use of the verb tense.

Present Perfect Positive Form Review

Subject + have + past participle + objects

Tom has lived in New York for 10 years. We have studied French since 2003.

Present Perfect Negative Form

Subject + have not + past participle + objects

She hasn't met Peter. They haven't finished the job yet.

Present Perfect Question Form

(Question Word) + have + subject + past participle?

Has she worked here for a long time? Where has she gone?

Important Note: Regular past participles in "-ed," irregular past participles of verbs vary and must be studied.

Yet / Just / Already

"Yet" is used in the present perfect negative and question forms. "Just" is used in the present perfect positive form. "Already" is used in the present perfect positive form.

Have you finished the job yet? She's just left for Chicago. They've already eaten lunch.

Since / For

"Since" and "for" are common time expressions used with the present perfect tense. "Since" is used with specific dates. "For" is used with periods of time.

Janet has worked at this company since 1997. We've lived in this house for five years.

Present Perfect Worksheet 1

Conjugate the verb in parentheses using the form indicated. In the case of questions, use the indicated subject as well.

How long ______ (he/live) in New Jersey?
Peter ______ (not play) baseball since 1987.
I ______ (speak) Russian for 20 years.
We _____ (not see) Tom since Christmas.
Has ________ (Alan/fly) in an airplane before?
Shannon _____ (not/go) to lunch yet.
Our class _____ (take) a field trip three times this year.
Where _____ (they/move) to?
Jennifer _____ (ask) that question four times today.
You _____ (not eat) lunch yet, have you?
Jason _____ (want) to move to New York since he was 5 years old.
How long _____ (they/know) Peter?
Alexandra _____ (work) for IBM since 2002.
Jeff _____ (buy) a few books this week.
Sally ______ (not read) that book yet.
_____ (they/leave) for work yet?
Bill _____ (not/drive) very far today.
We _____ (enjoy) eating seafood all of our lives.
_____ (he/ watch ) the documentary yet?
I _____ (not/finish) the job yet.

Present Perfect Worksheet 2

Choose the correct time expression used with the present perfect tense.

They have lived in that house (since/for) 10 years.
She has (just/yet) gone to the bank.
Franklin hasn't arrived in Boston (yet/already)
We have worked at this company (since/for) 2008.
Jason hasn't telephoned me (since/for) two weeks.
How (long/much) have you known Susan?
They've (already/yet) studied the past simple tense.
Our mothers have (just/yet) left for the station.
The president has traveled to more than 20 countries (since/for) he was elected.
Thomas hasn't had time to read the book (just/yet).
Alice has told me she's (yet/already) been to that park.
My daughter's (just/since) finished her homework.
Have they (already/yet) spoken to Mr. Peters?
I've (just/for) interviewed the best candidate for the job.
Our coach hasn't chosen the starting team (already/yet).
Bob and Tim have (already/yet) decided where they are going on vacation.
Have you purchased a new computer (just/yet)?
Sam has wanted to go to Japan (for/since) he was a little child.
Jason hasn't worked here (since/for) very long.
Our boss has (just/yet) hired a new engineer.

_______________________________________________________________________________

Present Perfect Worksheet 1 - Corrections

How long has he lived in New Jersey?
Peter hasn't played baseball since 1987.
I have spoken Russian for 20 years.
We haven't seen Tom since Christmas.
Has Alan flown in an airplane before?
Shannon hasn't gone to lunch yet.
Our class has taken a field trip three times this year.
Where have they moved to?
Jennifer has asked that question four times today.
You haven't eaten lunch yet, have you?
Jason has wanted to move to New York since he was 5 years old.
How long have they known Peter?
Alexandra has worked for IBM since 2002.
Jeff has bought a few books this week.
Sally hasn't read that book yet.
Have they left for work yet?
Bill hasn't driven very far today.
We have enjoyed eating seafood all of our lives.
Has he watched the documentary yet?
I haven't finished the job yet.

Present Perfect Worksheet 2 - Corrections

They have lived in that house for 10 years.
She has just gone to the bank.
Franklin hasn't arrived in Boston yet .
We have worked at this company since 2008.
Jason hasn't telephoned me for two weeks.
How long have you known Susan?
They've already studied the past simple tense.
Our mothers have just left for the station.
The President has traveled to more than 20 countries since he was elected.
Thomas hasn't had time to read the book yet .
Alice told me she's already been to that park.
My daughter's just finished her homework.
Have they already spoken to Mr. Peters?
I've just interviewed the best candidate for the job.
Our coach hasn't chosen the starting team yet .
Bob and Tim have already decided where they are going on vacation.
Have you purchased a new computer yet ?
Sam has wanted to go to Japan since he was a little child.
Jason hasn't worked here for very long.
Our boss has just hired a new engineer.
Passive Voice Usage and Examples
How to Teach the Present Perfect
Past Perfect Worksheets
Visual Explanations of Each English Tense
The Right Way to Use 'Already' and 'Yet' in English
Essential Basic English Lessons
How to Teach Present Perfect Continuous to English Learners
Teaching to the Test in ESL Class
Example Sentences With the Verb "Give"
Guide to Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous for ESL
Example of the Verb 'Meet'
Master Verb Tenses With This Sentence Structure Chart
Example Sentences of the Verb 'Bring'
Indirect Speech in the English Language
Present Continuous Worksheets
Example Sentences of the Verb Begin

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Change the sentences -Verb Tenses Worksheets

How to learn English grammar was always a concern for lower class children. These are the practice worksheet to give an idea for sentences of present and past tense for class or grade 3 students.

You are requested to give your sentences as feedback below this post to help others and yourself. The answer will be posted soon.

Question – Change the sentences as directed in the bracket. *Raju was a ten year old boy. ( Present simple ) *Seema goes to the party. ( Past continuous ) *He runs very fast. ( Present Interrogative ) *They didn’t make mistakes. ( Past Interrogative and Negative ) *Soma has given me a pen (past negative ) *Sheela finished her homework. ( Present Perfect ) *Is Rahul singing a song. ( Present simple negative ) * Mohandas writes a story. ( Simple past ) * Boys played cricket ( present continuous ) * Sony gave me a pen.( present perfect ) * Rahman finishes his work in time.( Simple past ) * Was Gopal parking his car ?( present negative ) *A Magic was an art, ( Present simple ) *My father bought four tickets for us. ( Past interrogative ) *Tickets rate were as given. ( Present interrogative ) *The light of the hall were switch off .( present perfect ) See the Answer below

Difficult sentences: *Next he balanced the girl on the tip of the sword. ( Past perfect ) *It is far away from the dust, noise and smoke.( Past simple ) *There are fifty seven teachers in the school. ( past simple ) *They are all highly qualified. ( Present interrogative ) *They take care of our health. ( present perfect ) *The Principal of our school keeps the school compound clean ( present continuous ) *He does not allow students to attend school in dirty clothes. ( past simple ) *We are taught honesty. ( past perfect ) *Every student has to take part on debates every Saturday. ( present simple ) *We are proud of our school. ( past simple Click for Answer>>>

Answer of Difficult sentences: *Next he had balanced the girl on the tip of the sword. *It was far away from the dust, noise and smoke. *There were fifty seven teachers in the school. * Are they all highly qualified. *They have taken care of our health. *The Principal of our school is keeping the school compound clean. *He allowed students to attend school in dirty clothes. *We had been taught honesty. *Every student takes part on debates every Saturday. *We were proud of our school.

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b. We are taught honesty. (past perfect)

please explain